Adrenocortical Causes of Hypertension

Table 1

Endocrine causes of hypertension.

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Adrenal dependent

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(1) Pheochromocytoma

(2) Cushing’s syndrome

(3) Primary hyperaldosteronism

(4) Other adrenocortical tumors (i.e., carcinoma, other)

(5) Genetic defects affecting adrenocortical function

    (i) Congenital adrenal hyperplasia: 11β-Hydroxylase and 17α-Hydroxylase deficiency, primarily

    (ii) Primary cortisol resistance

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Apparent mineralocorticoid excess (AME)/11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency

  Genetic

   (i) Type 1 AME

  (ii) Type 2 AME

 Acquired

   (i) Licorice or carbenoxolone ingestion (type 1 AME)

    (ii) Cushing’s syndrome (type 2 AME)

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 Thyroid dependent

 Hyperthyroidism

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  Parathyroid dependent

  Hyperparathyroidism

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  Pituitary dependent

   (1) Acromegaly

   (2) Cushing’s disease

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