Research Article
Serum Cotinine Levels and Prehypertension in Never Smokers
Table 1
Baseline characteristics of the study population.
| | Characteristics | Mean values ± standard error (SE) or
Sample size (weighted percentages) |
| | Total sample size | 2027 | | Women (%) | 1109 (53.8%) | | Age (years) | 39.1 ± 0.5 | | Race/ethnicity (%) | | | Non-Hispanic Whites | 773 (61.9%) | | Non-Hispanic Blacks | 452 (12.6%) | | Mexican Americans | 484 (11.4%) | | Others | 318 (14.1%) | | Education categories (%) | | | Below high school | 496 (15.3) | | High school | 467 (22.0) | | Above high school | 1064 (62.7) | | Alcohol intake (%) | | | Never drinker | 358 (14.9%) | | Former drinker | 376 (16.4%) | | Moderate drinker (1 or 2 drink/day) | 815 (46.0%) | | Heavy drinker (≥3 drinks/day) | 478 (22.7%) | | Body mass index (%) | | | Normal weight (<25.0 kg/m2) | 647 (35.2%) | | Overweight (25.0–29.9 kg/m2) | 709 (34.6%) | | Obese (>30.0 kg/m2) | 671 (30.2%) | | Serum cotinine (ng/mL) (geometric mean) | 0.1 ± 0.01 | | Glycosylated hemoglobin (%) | 5.3 ± 0.02 | | Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 195.9 ± 1.2 | | Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 114.4 ± 0.3 | | Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 69.1 ± 0.3 | | Below poverty level (%) | 379 (12.2) | | Prehypertension (%) | 734 (35.9) |
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