Longitudinal Average Glucose Levels and Variance and Risk of Stroke: A Chinese Cohort Study

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of the study participants.

	Total (N = 12,321)	Participants without diabetes (N = 11,310)	Participants with diabetes (N = 1,011)	value
Age	60.8 ± 10.2	60.8 ± 10.3	61.3 ± 9.6	0.1173
Female sex	6,614 (53.7)	6,073 (53.7)	541 (53.51)	0.9103
BMI	23.6 ± 3.1	23.5 ± 3.1	24.8 ± 3.3	<.0001
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	141 ± 20.4	140.4 ± 20.2	148.2 ± 20.5	<0.0001
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	84.1 ± 12.3	83.8 ± 12.3	86.7 ± 12.4	<0.0001
Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL)	106.7 ± 21.9	102.5 ± 11.5	154 ± 43.8	<0.0001
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	185.1 ± 34.3	184.7 ± 33.8	189.7 ± 39	<0.0001
LDL-C (mg/dL)	100.6 ± 26.7	100.3 ± 26.5	103.9 ± 28.3	<0.0001
HDL-C (mg/dL)	57.9 ± 15.6	58.3 ± 15.6	53.8 ± 14.6	<0.0001
Triglycerides (mg/dL)	120.3 ± 85.8	117.5 ± 81.5	152.3 ± 119.7	<0.0001
Education level (no formal education)	6,096 (49.5)	5,605 (49.6)	491 (48.6)	0.3049
Smoke				0.4424
Never smoked	8,284 (67.2)	7,590 (67.1)	694 (68.6)
Current smoker	3,056 (24.8)	2,822 (24.9)	234 (23.2)
Former smoker	981 (8)	898 (7.9)	83 (8.2)
Alcohol drinking	2,801 (22.7)	2,578 (22.8)	223 (22.1)	0.5924
Regular exercise	5,332 (43.3)	4,849 (42.9)	483 (47.8)	0.0026
Hypertension	6,339 (51.4)	5,625 (49.7)	714 (70.6)	<0.0001
High cholesterol	3,712 (30.1)	3,350 (29.6)	362 (35.8)	<0.0001

Continuous variables are expressed as mean ± SD or as median (interquartile range). Categorical variables are expressed as frequency (percentage).