Awareness, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension among the Adult Population in Burkina Faso: Evidence from a Nationwide Population-Based Survey
Table 2
Prevalence and results of multivariable modified Poisson regression of hypertension awareness among hypertensive adults in Burkina Faso.
Characteristics
Awareness of hypertension
N
n
Prevalence % [95% CI]
Crude PR [95% CI]
value
Adjusted PR [95% CI]
value
All
828
143
17.5 [14.3–21.1]
Sex
0.025
0.35
Women
389
82
21.1 [16.4–26.7]
1
1
Men
439
61
13.8 [10.4–17.9]
0.68 [0.48–0.95]
0.82 [0.55–1.23]
Age group, years
<0.001
<0.001
25–34
230
20
10.1 [5.9–16.8]
1
1
35–44
211
23
9.6 [6.2–14.6]
1.18 [0.66–2.11]
1.17 [0.63–2.13]
45–54
201
45
20.1 [14.5–27.2]
2.18 [1.29–3.68]
2.34 [1.37–4.01]
55–64
186
55
32.0 [24.9–39.9]
3.01 [1.81–5.00]
3.59 [2.10–6.14]
Marital status
0.68
0.87
Single
160
32
19.6 [12.6–29.2]
1
1
Married
668
111
17.0 [13.7–20.9]
0.92 [0.61–1.39]
1.03 [0.68–1.57]
Completed level of education
<0.001
0.009
No formal school
612
85
13.6 [10.7–17.1]
1
1
Primary school
128
25
23.0 [15.2–33.2]
1.34 [0.84–2.11]
1.37 [0.84–2.25]
Secondary or higher
88
33
35.1 [25.6–46.0]
2.45 [1.57–3.79]
2.52 [1.39–4.57]
Profession
0.006
0.58
Wage earner
66
20
22.2 [14.2–32.8]
1
1
Self-employed
564
76
13.4 [10.3–17.3]
0.51 [0.29–0.86]
0.82 [0.42–1.63]
Jobless
198
47
25.7 [19.3–33.4]
0.84 [0.49–1.47]
1.04 [0.54–1.99]
Residence
0.029
0.22
Urban
256
62
24.3 [18.6–31.1]
1
1
Rural
572
81
13.2 [10.3–16.8]
0.62 [0.40–0.95]
1.35 [0.83–2.21]
Current smoker
0.043
0.68
No
743
136
18.3 [15.0–22.1]
1
1
Yes
85
7
9.6 [4.2–20.6]
0.46 [0.21–0.97]
0.85 [0.37–1.89]
Current drinker
0.75
0.39
No
569
101
18.0 [14.2–22.6]
1
1
Yes
259
42
16.2 [11.8–21.8]
0.94 [0.65–1.36]
0.84 [0.57–1.25]
Fruit and vegetable intake
0.21
0.14
<5
788
132
17.1 [13.9–20.8]
1
1
≥5
40
11
25.2 [12.5–44.3]
1.51 [0.78–2.90]
1.62 [0.85–3.08]
Physical activity
0.068
0.72
Intense
451
63
13.7 [10.4–17.9]
1
1
Moderate
210
41
20.6 [14.6–28.4]
1.63 [0.91–2.09]
1.14 [0.75–1.72]
Low
167
39
23.5 [16.9–31.7]
1.63 [1.06–2.50]
0.95 [0.60–1.51]
BMI class
<0.001
<0.001
Underweight
74
7
9.5 [4.4–19.5]
1
1
Normal
502
61
11.5 [8.7–15.0]
1.25 [0.58–2.69]
1.57 [0.71–3.46]
Overweight
163
38
21.9 [16.1–29.1]
2.24 [1.01–4.97]
2.67 [1.17–6.11]
Obese
89
37
45.6 [31.1–61.0]
4.09 [1.84–9.12]
4.25 [1.81–10.02]
Raised blood glucose
0.45
0.80
No
753
125
16.6 [13.3–20.5]
1
1
Yes
75
18
26.3 [15.7–40.7]
1.23 [0.72–2.11]
0.93 [0.54–1.61]
Hypercholesterolemia
<0.001
0.26
No
777
122
42.7 [27.9–58.9]
1
1
Yes
51
21
15.6 [12.9–18.9]
0.42 [0.26–0.68]
0.74 [0.43–1.26]
N: total number of participants with hypertension; n: number of participants who were aware of their hypertension; PR: prevalence ratio; CI: confidence interval.
