Research Article

Elevated Interarm Systolic Blood Pressure Difference Is Positively Associated with Increased Likelihood of Coronary Artery Disease

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of the study cohort.

AllIASBPD ≥ 10 mmHgIASBPD < 10 mmHg value
(N = 1022)(N = 72)(N = 950)

Male (n, %)635 (62.1%)47 (65.3%)588 (61.9%)0.568
Age63.3 ± 10.264.0 ± 10.163.3 ± 10.20.565
Height, (cm)166.0 ± 8.2165.2 ± 8.2166.1 ± 8.20.374
Weight, (kg)72.8 ± 12.676.1 ± 14.072.5 ± 12.40.021
BMI, (kg/m2)26.3 ± 3.627.8 ± 4.326.2 ± 3.6<0.001
Hypertension (n, %)757 (74.1%)60 (83.3%)697 (73.4%)0.063
Diabetes (n, %)362 (35.4%)30 (41.7%)332 (34.9%)0.250
Smoking (n, %)483 (47.3%)35 (48.6%)448 (47.2%)0.812
TG, (mmol/L)1.8 ± 1.41.9 ± 1.71.8 ± 1.40.744
TC,( mmol/L)4.1 ± 1.14.2 ± 1.04.1 ± 1.10.172
HDL-C, (mmol/L)1.0 ± 0.31.0 ± 0.31.0 ± 0.30.093
LDL-C, (mmol/L)2.4 ± 0.82.4 ± 0.82.3 ± 0.80.437
TG > 2.3 mmol/L (n, %)211 (20.6%)14 (19.4%)197 (20.7%)0.794
HDL-C < 1.0 mmol/L (n, %)528 (51.7%)38 (52.8%)490 (51.6%)0.844
LDL-C > 4.1 mmol/L (n, %)32 (3.1%)2 (2.8%)30 (3.2%)0.858
ABI1.1 ± 0.11.0 ± 0.11.1 ± 0.1<0.001
ba-PWV, (cm/s)1610.0 ± 329.31668.9 ± 327.41605.5 ± 329.10.115
Right arm SBP, (mmHg)127.8 ± 16.2130.5 ± 18.2127.6 ± 16.00.146
Right arm DBP, (mmHg)74.0 ± 9.873.6 ± 9.474.0 ± 9.80.761
Left arm SBP, (mmHg)128.0 ± 16.4130.8 ± 19.4127.8 ± 16.10.126
Left arm DBP,( mmHg)73.9 ± 10.174.0 ± 11.473.9 ± 10.00.933
Anti-hypertension (n, %)654 (64.0%)50 (69.4%)604 (63.6%)0.317
Lipid-lowering (n, %)546 (53.4%)37 (51.4%)509 (53.6%)0.719
CHD, (n, %)771 (75.4%)62 (86.1%)709 (74.6%)0.029

ba-PWV: brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity; ABI: ankle–brachial index; BMI: body mass index; CHD: coronary heart disease; DBP: diastolic blood pressure: HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol: IASBPD, interarm systolic blood pressure difference; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; SBP: systolic blood pressure; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglycerides.