Barriers to Access to Treatment for Hypertensive Patients in Primary Health Care of Less Developed Northwest China: A Predictive Nomogram
Table 1
Baseline characteristics of the study population by training set and validation set.
Variables
Training set (n = 626)
Validation set (n = 269)
Total (n = 895)
P value
Age (years)
52.63 ± 17.61
52.69 ± 17.26
52.65 ± 17.49
0.963
<45 y
191 (30.5)
77 (28.6)
268 (29.9)
0.820‡
45–60 y
201 (32.1)
91 (33.8)
292 (32.6)
>60 y
234 (37.4)
101 (37.5)
335 (37.5)
Gender, women (n,%)
337 (53.8)
135 (50.2)
472 (52.7)
0.316#
Herdsman (n, %)
260 (41.5)
116 (43.1)
376 (42.0)
0.659#
Education levels (n, %)
Primary and lower
361 (57.7)
159 (59.1)
520 (58.1)
0.923‡
Junior high
145 (23.2)
60 ( 22.3)
205 (22.9)
Senior high and higher
120 (19.2)
50 (18.6)
170(19.0)
Ethnicity (n, %)
Han
269 (43.0)
111 (41.3)
380 (42.5)
0.198#
Kazakh
90 (14.4)
54 (20.1)
144 (16.1)
Tajik
74 (11.8)
28 (10.4)
102 (11.4)
Others
193 (30.8)
76 (28.3)
269 (30.1)
Number of family members (n, %)
1
33 (5.3)
10 (3.7)
43 (4.8)
0.551‡
2–4
403 (64.4)
172 (63.9)
575 (64.3)
≥5
190 (30.4)
87 (32.3)
277 (30.9)
Marital status (n, %)
Single
64 ( 10.2)
21 (7.8)
85 (9.5)
0.508#
Married
511 (81.6)
224 (83.3)
735 (82.1)
Separated
51 (8.1)
24 (8.9)
75 (8.4)
Family income per member
<￥500/month
142 (22.7)
65 (24.2)
207 (23.1)
0.004‡
￥500–1000/month
73 (11.7)
30 (11.2)
103 (11.5)
￥1001–3000/month
286 (45.7)
146 (54.3)
432 (48.3)
>￥3000/month
125 (20.0)
28 (10.4)
153 (17.1)
Altitude of habitation (m)
<1000
387 (61.8)
164 (61.0)
551 (61.6)
0.717‡
1000–3000
163 (26.0)
76 (28.3)
239 (26.7)
>3000
76 (12.1)
29 (10.8)
105 (11.7)
Current smokers (n, %)
150 (24.0)
50 (18.6)
200 (22.3)
0.077#
Current drinkers (n, %)
138 (22.0)
46 (17.1)
184 (20.6)
0.093#
Body mass index
27.29 ± 4.30
27.25 ± 4.48
27.28 ± 4.35
0.917
BMI: <23.9 kg/m2
124 (19.8)
53 (19.7)
177 (19.8)
0.669‡
BMI: 24.0–27.9 kg/m2
242 (38.7)
112 (41.6)
354 (39.6)
BMI: ≥28.0 kg/m2
260 (41.5)
104 (38.7)
364 (40.7)
Abdominal obesity (n, %)
424 (67.7)
183 (68.0)
607 (67.8%)
0.930#
CVD (n, %)
21 (3.4)
2 (0.7)
23 (2.6)
0.195#
Diabetes (n, %)
91 (14.5)
31 (11.5)
122 (13.6)
0.228#
Dyslipidemia (n, %)
113 (18.1)
41 (15.2)
154 (17.2)
0.307#
Comorbidity (n, %)
193 (30.8)
66 (24.5)
259 (28.9)
0.057#
Blood pressure (mmHg)
Systolic blood pressure
149.37 ± 20.58
152.09 ± 21.34
150.19 ± 20.83
0.073
Diastolic blood pressure
85.67 ± 12.31
85.97 ± 13.68
85.76 ± 12.73
0.749
CVD, cardiovascular disease. Student’s t-test for continuous variables. ‡Mann-Whitney U test for ordered multicategorical variables. #Chi-square test for binary variables.
