Research Article
Association of Depression with Uncontrolled Hypertension in Primary Care Setting: A Cross-Sectional Study in Less-Developed Northwest China
Table 1
Characteristics of the subjects according to hypertension status.
| | | Uncontrolled hypertension (N = 1653) | Controlled hypertension (N = 203) | Total (N = 1856) | value |
| | Age (years) | 53.4 ± 12.5 | 56.8 ± 11.5 | 53.7 ± 12.5 | <0.001 | | 18–44 | 373 (22.6) | 26 (12.8) | 399 (21.5) | 0.004 | | 45–59 | 783 (47.4) | 102 (50.3) | 885 (47.7) | | ≥60 | 497 (30.0) | 75 (36.9) | 572 (30.8) |
| | Sex (n, %) | | Women | 690 (41.7) | 113 (55.7) | 803 (43.3) | <0.001 | | Men | 963 (58.3) | 90 (44.3) | 1053 (56.7) |
| | Regions (n, %) | | Agriculture | 976 (59.0) | 100 (49.3) | 1076 (58.0) | 0.004 | | Stock-raising | 218 (13.2) | 24 (11.8) | 242 (13.0) | | Urban | 459 (27.8) | 79 (38.9) | 538 (29.0) |
| | Education attainment status (n, %) | | Primary and lower | 719 (43.5) | 94 (46.3) | 813 (43.8) | 0.364 | | Junior high | 604 (36.5) | 74 (31.5) | 668 (36.0) | | Senior high and higher | 330 (20.0) | 45 (22.2) | 375 (20.2) |
| | Occupation (n, %) | | Manual | 1261 (76.3) | 142 (70.0) | 1403 (75.6) | 0.047 | | Intelligent | 392 (23.7) | 61 (30.0) | 453 (24.4) |
| | Ethnicity (n, %) | | Han | 819 (49.5) | 113 (55.7) | 932 (50.2) | 0.173 | | Kazakh | 569 (34.4) | 57 (28.1) | 626 (33.7) | | Others | 265 (16.0) | 33 (16.3) | 298 (16.1) |
| | Personal incomes | | ≤¥5000/month | 1586 (95.9) | 196 (96.6) | 1782 (96.0) | 0.678 | | >¥5000/month | 67 (4.1) | 7 (3.4) | 74 (4.0) |
| | Marital status (n, %) | | Single | 76 (4.6) | 2 (1.0) | 78 (4.2) | <0.001 | | Married | 1346 (81.4) | 155 (76.4) | 1501 (80.9) | | Separated | 231 (14.0) | 46 (22.7) | 277 (14.9) |
| | Smoking (n, %) | | No | 984 (59.5) | 143 (70.4) | 1127 (60.7) | 0.003 | | Yes | 669 (40.5) | 60 (29.6) | 729 (39.3) |
| | Alcohol dinking (n, %) | | No | 1422 (86.0) | 281 (89.2) | 1603 (86.4) | 0.219 | | Yes | 231 (14.0) | 22 (10.8) | 253 (13.6) |
| | Heart rate (bpm) | 76.50 ± 11.42 | 75.07 ± 10.91 | 76.34 ± 11.37 | 0.092 |
| | Physical activity (n, %) | | Low | 292 (17.7) | 35 (17.2) | 327 (17.6) | 0.995 | | Median | 913 (55.2) | 111 (54.7) | 1024 (55.2) | | High | 448 (27.1) | 57 (28.1) | 505 (27.2) |
| | PSQI score | 4.71 ± 3.82 | 6.00 ± 3.54 | 4.8 ± 3.8 | <0.001 |
| | Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27.37 ± 4.48 | 27.26 ± 4.26 | 27.4 ± 4.5 | 0.741 |
| | BMI: <23.9 kg/m2 | 366 (22.1) | 45 (22.2) | 411 (22.1) | 0.975 | | BMI: 24.0–27.9 kg/m2 | 607 (36.7) | 76 (37.4) | 683 (36.8) | | BMI: ≥28.0 kg/m2 | 680 (41.1) | 82 (40.0) | 762 (41.1) |
| | Abdominal circumference (cm) | 92.02 ± 11.85 | 92.18 ± 11.77 | 92.0 ± 11.8 | 0.856 | | Abdominal obesity (n, %) | | No | 605 (36.6) | 69 (34.0) | 674 (36.3) | 0.466 | | Yes | 1048 (63.4) | 134 (66.0) | 1182 (63.7) |
| | Comorbidity (n, %) | | No | 1500 (90.7) | 172 (84.7) | 1672 (90.1) | 0.007 | | Yes | 153 (9.3) | 31 (15.3) | 184 (9.9) |
| | Blood pressure (mmHg) | | Systolic blood pressure | 154.04 ± 17.77 | 123.66 ± 10.23 | 150.7 ± 19.6 | <0.001 | | Diastolic blood pressure | 92.75 ± 12.64 | 77.00 ± 8.80 | 91.0 ± 13.2 | <0.001 | | FPG (mmol/L) | 5.92 ± 2.45 | 5.71 ± 1.71 | 5.89 ± 2.38 | 0.246 | | TC (mmol/L) | 4.99 ± 1.07 | 5.01 ± 1.08 | 5.00 ± 1.07 | 0.825 | | TG (mmol/L) | 1.71 ± 1.40 | 1.50 ± 0.97 | 1.68 ± 1.36 | 0.046 | | LDL-c (mmol/L) | 2.33 ± 0.37 | 2.32 ± 0.31 | 2.33 ± 0.36 | 0.736 | | HDL-c (mmol/L) | 1.56 ± 0.18 | 1.56 ± 0.18 | 1.56 ± 0.18 | 0.709 |
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PSQI, Pittsburgh sleep quality index; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
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