Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Level Is Associated with Aortic Stiffness in Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis
Table 1
Clinical characteristics of the study population.
Parameters
Overall (n = 130)
cfPWV ≤10 m/s (n = 76)
cfPWV >10 m/s (n = 54)
value
Clinical characteristics
Age (years)
63.8 ± 13.2
61.8 ± 13.7
66.7 ± 12.0
0.036
Hemodialysis duration (months)
59.6 (23.9–130.7)
80.0 (22.2–144.8)
56.5 (26.7–92.9)
0.232
Female, n (%)
64 (49.2)
41 (53.9)
23 (42.6)
0.202
Smoking, n (%)
18 (13.8)
8 (10.5)
10 (18.5)
0.303
Body weight (kg)
63.2 ± 14.6
60.8 ± 14.1
66.5 ± 14.7
0.027
Body mass index (kg/m2)
24.7 ± 4.8
24.0 ± 4.7
25.7 ± 4.9
0.048
Overweight or obese
67 (51.5)
37 (48.7)
30 (55.6)
0.480
Kt/V (gotch)
1.3 ± 0.2
1.4 ± 0.2
1.3 ± 0.2
0.200
Hemodynamic parameters
Carotid-femoral PWV (m/s)
10.1 ± 3.3
7.8 ± 1.2
13.2 ± 2.6
<0.001
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
142.0 ± 25.9
138.2 ± 26.7
147.4 ± 23.8
0.044
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)
77.0 ± 15.7
77.5 ± 15.6
76.2 ± 16.0
0.658
Mean arterial pressure (mmHg)
98.6 ± 17.8
97.7 ± 18.2
100.0 ± 17.2
0.478
Pulse pressure (mmHg)
65.0 ± 18.0
60.7 ± 17.4
71.2 ± 17.0
0.001
Laboratory parameters
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)
146.8 ± 34.6
148.3 ± 39.0
144.5 ± 27.6
0.535
Triglyceride (mg/dL)
114.0 (84.0–187.0)
108.5 (83.3–186.5)
122.0 (87.0–187.5)
0.406
Fasting glucose (mg/dL)
130.5 (109.8–167.3)
128.0 (106.3–151.0)
133.5 (110.8–182.0)
0.135
Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL)
60.83 ± 15.00
61.72 ± 14.48
59.57 ± 15.76
0.423
Creatinine (mg/dL)
9.31 ± 2.07
9.42 ± 2.00
9.14 ± 2.18
0.456
Total calcium (mg/dL)
9.0 ± 0.8
8.9 ± 0.7
9.2 ± 0.8
0.067
Phosphorus (mg/dL)
4.8 ± 1.3
4.7 ± 1.3
4.8 ± 1.3
0.708
iPTH (pg/mL)
204.1 (69.4–462.7)
256.45 (106.4–475.2)
150.7 (51.2–462.7)
0.163
C-reactive protein (mg/dL)
0.26 (0.08–0.66)
0.23 (0.06–0.46)
0.38 (0.12–0.95)
0.040
FGF-21 (pg/mL)
1150.5 (728.7–1863.1)
887.5 (572.3–1579.8)
1433.1 (889.3–2317.7)
<0.001
Underlying disease
Diabetes mellitus, n (%)
49 (37.7)
18 (23.7)
31 (57.4)
<0.001
Hypertension, n (%)
62 (47.7)
30 (39.5)
32 (59.3)
0.026
Etiology of ESRD
Diabetic nephropathy, n (%)
49 (37.7)
18 (23.7)
31 (57.4)
<0.001
Hypertensive nephropathy, n (%)
6 (4.6)
4 (5.3)
2 (3.7)
1.000
Glomerulonephritis, n (%)
54 (41.5)
38 (50.0)
16 (29.6)
0.030
Other, n (%)
21 (16.2)
16 (21.1)
5 (9.3)
0.092
Medication
ACE-inhibitors/ARBs, n (%)
38 (29.2)
19 (25.0)
19 (35.2)
0.208
β-blocker, n (%)
36 (27.7)
19 (25.0)
17 (31.5)
0.416
Calcium channel blocker, n (%)
50 (38.5)
30 (39.5)
20 (37.0)
0.778
Statin, n (%)
20 (15.4)
9 (11.8)
11 (20.4)
0.184
Fibrate, n (%)
15 (11.5)
8 (10.5)
7 (13.0)
0.668
Values for continuous variables are shown as mean ± standard deviation after analysis by student’s t-test; variables not normally distributed are shown as median and interquartile range after analysis by Mann-Whitney U test; values are presented as number (%)after analysis by the chi-square test. Kt/V, fractional clearance index for urea; cfPWV, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity; iPTH, intact parathyroid hormone; FGF-21, fibroblast growth factor 21; ESRD, end-stage renal disease; ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin receptor blockers. was considered statistically significant.
