Positive Association between Hemoglobin Concentration and Blood Pressure in Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on Rafsanjan Cohort Study
Table 2
Baseline clinical and anthropometry characteristics of the study participants based on gender.
Variables
Total (n = 9398)
Men (n = 4396)
Women (n = 5002)
Test statistics
values
Weight (kg)
73.63 ± 13.43
76.03 ± 14.01
71.52 ± 12.52
t = 16.360
<0.001#
Height (cm)
162.86 ± 9.36
170.37 ± 6.58
156.26 ± 5.79
t = 109.644
<0.001#
Waist circumference (cm)
95.86 ± 11.52
92.50 ± 11.26
98.81 ± 10.92
t = −27.536
<0.001#
Hip circumference (cm)
101.33 ± 9.23
98.19 ± 7.38
104.10 ± 9.80
t = −33.242
<0.001#
BMI (kg/m2)
27.81 ± 4.83
26.14 ± 4.28
29.28 ± 4.80
t = −33.465
<0.001#
MET
37.68 (35.27–40.40)
37.58 (34.70–43.21)
37.75 (35.75–39.63)
Z = −3.368
0.001†
Systolic BP (mmHg)
106.22 ± 16.94
107.25 ± 16.49
105.32 ± 17.28
t = 5.537
<0.001#
Diastolic BP (mmHg)
70.68 ± 10.23
71.37 ± 10.32
70.07 ± 10.11
t = 6.147
<0.001#
Pulse rate (beats per minute)
74.23 ± 9.54
71.52 ± 8.96
76.62 ± 9.39
t = −26.875
<0.001#
RBC (M/µL)
5.16 ± 0.52
5.45 ± 0.49
4.90 ± 0.41
t = 58.639
<0.001#
WBC (K/µL)
6.50 (5.50–7.60)
6.60 (5.60–7.70)
6.40 (5.40–7.40)
Z = −8.007
<0.001†
Hemoglobin (g/dL)
14.07 ± 1.39
15.04 ± 1.16
13.22 ± 0.94
t = 82.918
<0.001#
Hematocrit (%)
42.742 ± 3.99
45.51 ± 3.35
40.31 ± 2.73
t = 81.772
<0.001#
Cholesterol (mg/dl)
199.42 ± 37.45
195.34 ± 36.53
203.00 ± 37.88
t = −9.981
<0.001#
HDL (mg/dl)
57.93 ± 10.82
54.41 ± 9.46
61.02 ± 10.99
t = −31.320
<0.001#
LDL (mg/dl)
108.82 ± 29.76
106.63 ± 28.89
110.74 ± 30.38
t = −6.710
<0.001#
FBS (mg/dl)
101.00 (94.00–112.00)
101.00 (94.25–111.00)
102.00 (94.00–114.00)
Z = −2.754
0.006†
BUN (mg/dl)
14.00 (11.00–16.00)
14.00 (12.00–17.00)
13.00 (11.00–15.00)
Z = −23.015
<0.001†
Creatinine (mg/dl)
1.00 (0.90–1.10)
1.10 (1.00–1.20)
0.90 (0.90–1.00)
Z = −59.752
<0.001†
Triglyceride (mg/dl)
145.00 (106.00–199.00)
151.00 (109.00–212.00)
141.00 (103.00–191.00)
Z = −8.295
<0.001†
SGOT (U/L)
18.00 (15.00–22.00)
19.00 (16.00–23.00)
17.00 (14.00–20.00)
Z = −23.472
<0.001†
SGPT (U/L)
18.00 (13.00–25.00)
20.00 (15.00–30.00)
16.00 (12.00–22.00)
Z = −22.920
<0.001†
ALP (U/L)
216.00 (181.00–260.00)
219.00 (187.00–259.00)
212.00 (176.00–260.00)
Z = −5.289
<0.001†
GGT (U/L)
22.00 (16.00–30.00)
25.00 (19.00–35.00)
19.00 (15.00–26.00)
Z = −26.623
<0.001†
Diabetes
1774 (18.9)
634 (14.4)
1140 (22.8)
χ 2 = 107.008
<0.001
HTN
2069 (22.0)
635 (14.4)
1434 (28.7)
χ 2 = 275.708
<0.001
Ischemic heart disease
615 (6.5)
268 (6.1)
347 (6.9)
χ 2 = 2.704
0.100
History of CVD
714 (7.6)
311 (7.1)
403 (8.1)
χ 2 = 3.215
0.073
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD), median (1st quartile–3rd quartile), or number (%). RBC: red blood cell; HDL: high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; MET: metabolic equivalent of task; WBC: white blood cell; FBS: fast blood sugar; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; SGOT: serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase.
