Optimal Gasoline Price Predictions: Leveraging the ANFIS Regression Model

Table 2

Studies on oil and gasoline price dynamics in different regions.

Author	Year	Research region	Data (year)	Variable	Research method
Borenstein, [20]	1997	United States	1986–1990	Gasoline price and crude oil spot price	Cumulative adjustment functions
Asche et al. [21]	2003	Europe	1992–2000	Crude oil, natural gas, kerosene, and naphtha price	Multivariate Johansen tests
Bettendorf et al. [22]	2003	Netherlands	1996–2011	Weekly change data on gasoline and refined oil prices	Asymmetric error correction model
Kaufmann and Laskowski [23]	2005	United States	1986–2002	Gasoline utilization rate, gasoline inventory, original price, gasoline price	Error correction model
Bumpass et al. [24]	2015	United States	1991–2006	International crude oil price and retail price of refined oil	ECM model based on structural fracture inspection
Kpodar and Abdallah [25]	2017	162 countries	2000–2014	Monthly data on gasoline and crude oil prices	Local projection approach of Jordà
Pan et al. [26]	2022	China	2003–2020	Daily frequency data on private enterprises and local refineries	VAR-BEKK-GARCH; PCA-BP neural network
He and Lin [27]	2023	China	2000–2021	Refined oil prices and the crude oil price	EGARCH model; two-stage regression process