Wide E-Plane Beamwidth Microstrip Patch Antenna Using H-Shaped Gap-Coupling with Three Parasitic Patches for the K-Band

Table 1

Advantages and disadvantages of wide-beamwidth antenna techniques.

	Size (compared with a general patch ant.)	Planar single-substrate structure	Low profile	Easy integration with other components
Hybrid zeroth-order resonance	Same	Yes	Yes	No
Parasitic element	Same	No	Yes or no	Yes or no
	Larger	Yes	Yes	Yes
Composite dielectric substrate, high-permittivity substrate, or extended dielectric substrate	Same or smaller	No	No	No
Extra reflector or ground plane	Same	No	No	No
Huygens source antenna based on magnetic and electric near-field resonant parasitic	—	No	No	No
Magnetoelectric dipole antenna	—	No	No	No
Planar magnetic dipole antenna	Same or smaller	Yes	Yes	No
Triangular SIW antenna	Smaller	Yes	Yes	No
Coupled-fed printed dipole antenna	—	No	No	No
Pyramidal configuration	Larger	No	No	No
Coupled-mode patch	Larger	No	Yes	Yes
Grid array antenna	—	No	Yes	No