Hepatitis B and C Viruses’ Infection and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Hospitals in the Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia

Table 4

Bivariate and multivariate analysis of factors associated with HBV infection among pregnant women in the Amhara national regional state tertiary hospitals from May 1, 2018, to September 30, 2019.

Variable	Category	Number	HBV status		COR	Adjusted odds ratio AOR (95% CI)
			Pos	Neg
Age	17–25	464 (39.6)	30 (6.5)	434 (93.5)	2 (1.1–3.5)	2.5 (1.3–4.5)
	26–45	657 (60.4)	22 (3.3)	635 (96.7)	1
Marital status	Married	1017 (97.8)	43 (4.2)	974 (95.8)	1
	Unmarried	23 (2.2)	5 (21.7)	18 (78.3)	4.5 (1.9–10.6)
Tattoo	Yes	351 (31.3)	23 (6.6)	328 (93.4)	1.8 (1.0–3.1)	2 (1–3.8)
	No	770 (68.7)	29 (3.8)	741 (96.2)	1
Dental extraction	Yes	156 (13.9)	6 (3.8)	150 (96.2)	1.3 (0.53–3)
	No	965 (86.1)	46 (4.8)	919 (95.2)	1
Blood transfusion	Yes	34 (3)	7 (20.6)	27 (79.4)	6 (2.5–15)	7.6 (2.9–16.9)
	No	1087 (97)	45 (4.1)	1042 (95.9.)	1
Surgery	Yes	78 (8.3)	3 (3.8)	75 (96.2)	0.8 (0.24–2.7)
	No	1043 (91.7)	49 (4.7)	994 (95.3)	1
Sexual trans. Dis.	Yes	138 (12.3)	9 (6.5)	129 (93.5)	0.65 (0.31–1.3)
	No	983 (87.7)	43 (4.4)	940 (95.6)	1
HIV	Yes	113 (10.1)	10 (8.8)	103 (91.2)	2.2 (1.09–4.6)	2.5 (1–5.9)
	No	1008 (89.9)	42 (4.2)	966 (95.8)	1
Abortion	Yes	203 (16)	9 (4.4)	194 (95.6)	1.1 (0.5–2.2)
	No	918 (81.9)	43 (4.7)	875 (95.3)	1
Unprotected sex	Yes	85 (7.5)	6 (7.1)	79 (92.9)	1.6 (0.68–4.0)
	No	1036 (92.5)	46 (4.4)	990 (95.6)	1
Multiple sexual partners	Yes	61 (5.4)	7 (11.5)	54 (88.5%)	3.9 (1.8–8.4)	3.2 (1.3–7.6)
	No	1060 (94.6)	45 (4.2)	1015 (95.8)	1	1
Ear pricing	Yes	248 (22.1)	18 (7.3)	230 (92.7)	1.9 (1–3.5)
	No	873 (77.9)	34 (3.9)	839 (96.1)	1
Nose piercing	Yes	50 (4.5%)	6 (12%)	44 (88%)	3 (1.2–7.5)	0.145
	No	1071 (95.5)	46 (4.3%)	1025 (95.7%)	1
Diabetes	Yes	25 (2.2)	3 (12)	22 (88)	2.9 (0.84–10)	2.8 (0.7–11)
	No	1096 (98.2)	49 (4.5)	1047 (95.5)	1
Hospitalization	Yes	144 (12.8)	6 (4.2)	138 (95.8)	0.88 (0.36–2)
	No	977 (87.2)	46 (4.7)	931 (95.3)	1
Family history of hepatitis	Yes	99 (8.8)	11 (11.1)	88 (88.9)	3 (1.5–6)	3.5 (1.7–7.6)
	No	981 (91.2)	41 (4)	981 (96)	1
Sharing toothbrush	Yes	18 (1.6)	3 (16.7)	15 (83.3)	4.3 (1.2–15)	4.5 (1.1–18)
	No	1103 (98.4)	49 (4.4)	1054 (95.6)	1
Sharing sharp material	Yes	62 (4.5)	3 (4.8)	59 (95.2)	1.0 (0.28–4.3)
	No	1059 (94.5)	49 (4.6)	1010 (95.4)	1

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