Seasonal Prevalence and Molecular Identification of Thermophilic Campylobacter from Chicken, Cattle, and Respective Drinking Water in Kajiado County, Kenya
Table 2
Summary of culture-based results per individual sample source.
Sample source
Production system
Culture based identification
Presumed thermophilic campylobacters (n, %)
NC (n, %)
No observable growth
Cattle rectal swabs (n = 265)
Farm-fed/confined (zero-grazing) (n = 140)
66 (47.1%)
33 (23.6%)
41 (29.3%)
Free-roaming (outdoor) grazing systems (n = 125)
33 (26.4%)
16 (12.8%)
76 (60.8%)
Chicken cloacal swabs (n = 142)
Housed chicken
91 (64.1%)
32 (22.5%)
19 (13.4%)
Surface water sample (n = 50)
23 (46.0%)
14 (28.0%)
13 (26.0%)
Total (n = 457)
213 (46.6%)
96 (20.8%)
149 (32.6%)
Produced no observable growth after 72 hours of microaerobic incubation at 42°C. NC: noncampylobacter (negative for putative Campylobacter spp.).
