International Journal of Microbiology

Research Article

Antimicrobial Usage, Susceptibility Profiles, and Resistance Genes in Campylobacter Isolated from Cattle, Chicken, and Water Samples in Kajiado County, Kenya

Table 1

Antibiotics commonly used by farmers for the treatment of sick chicken and cattle in Kajiado County, Kenya.
Antibiotic classesTrade name(s)Active ingredient(s)Animal usesProportions of farms using the drugs
TetracyclinesAliseryl™Oxytetracycline, erythromycin, streptomycin, colistin, and vitaminsChicken39/42
Tylodoxy 200™Doxycline and tylosinChicken
Vetoxy™OxytetracyclineChicken
Tetracolivit™Oxytetracycline, colistin, and vitaminsChicken
Ulticycline 10%™/oxytetra 10%™/oxymet-10/adamycin 10%™/alamycinLA 300™/twigamycin™OxytetracyclineCattle
AminoglycosidesPen & strep™/penistrep™Dihydrostreptomycin sulphate and procaine penicillinCattle24/42
Vetgenta™GentamicinCattle
TerrexineTMKanamycin sulphate and cephalexinCattle
Gentamast™GentamicinCattle
Aliseryl™Streptomycin, oxytetracycline, erythromycin, colistin, and vitaminsChicken
β-Lactams (penicillins)Bimoxyl LA™AmoxicillinCattle19/42
BovacloxTMCloxacillin and ampicillinCattle
Pen & strep™/penistrep™Procaine penicillin and dihydrostreptomycin sulphateCattle
MacrolidesFosBac™/fostyl plus TMTylosin sulphate and calcium fostomycinChicken11/42
Tylodoxy 200™Tylosin tartrate and doxyclineChicken
Marolan WSTylosin tartrateChicken
Tylosin injectionTylosin tartrateCattle
Aliseryl™Erythromycin, streptomycin, oxytetracycline, colistin, and vitaminsChicken
SulphonamidesBIOSOL™/TRIMOVET™Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazoleChicken9/42
Esb3™SulphachloropyrazineChicken
DiseptoprimTMTrimethoprim-sulfamethoxazoleCattle
PolymyxinsColistin sulphateColistin sulphate 9/42
Tetracolivit™Oxytetracycline, colistin, and vitamins 
Aliseryl™Erythromycin, streptomycin, oxytetracycline, colistin, and vitaminsChicken
CephalosporinsTerrexineTMKanamycin sulphate and cephalexinCattle3/42