Antimicrobial Usage, Susceptibility Profiles, and Resistance Genes in Campylobacter Isolated from Cattle, Chicken, and Water Samples in Kajiado County, Kenya

Table 4

Pearson correlation between antibiotic use at farm level and occurrence of resistance.

Antimicrobial usage at farm levels	Comparisons	Phenotypic resistance using the disk diffusion methods
		TE	E	NA	GEN	CIP
Tetracycline usage	Pearson correlation (R)	0.314	0.006	−0.110	0.131	−0.085
	Sig. (2-tailed)	0.001	0.950	0.270	0.190	0.397
Aminoglycoside usage	Pearson correlation	−0.053	0.099	−0.032	0.150	−0.033
	Sig. (2-tailed)	0.613	0.345	0.759	0.149	0.75
Macrolide usage	Pearson correlation	0.022	0.256	−0.199	−0.022	−0.01
	Sig. (2-tailed)	0.830	0.013	0.055	0.831	0.923
β-lactam usage	Pearson correlation	−0.106	0.296	−0.138	0.054	−0.163
	Sig. (2-tailed)	0.309	0.004	0.186	0.608	0.117

Sig.: significance; Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed); Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).