Cost-Effectiveness Analysis for the Treatment of Hyperphosphatemia in Predialysis Patients: Calcium-Based versus Noncalcium-Based Phosphate Binders

Table 2

Base case input values.

Parameter	Sevelamer	CaCO3	Unit	Source
Population characteristics
Mean age at baseline	57.9	57.9	year	Di Iorio 2012
Baseline serum phosphate level	4.82	4.87	mg/dl	Di Iorio 2012
CKD stage 3	50	50	%	Assumption derived from Di Iorio 2012
CKD stage 4	50	50	%	Assumption derived from Di Iorio 2012
Drug treatment
Sevelamer dose	2.184	n/a	g/day	Di Iorio 2012
CaCO3 dose	n/a	2.950	g/day	Di Iorio 2012
Drug cost	5.0069	0.0871	RM/g	Sevelamer cost: Sanofi, CaCO3 cost: IMS 2013
Efficacy
Survival up to 36 months	Figure 2	Figure 2		Modelled from INDEPENDENT-CKD data
Dialysis initiation up to 36 months	Figure 3	Figure 3		Modelled from INDEPENDENT-CKD data
Long-term survival	Figure 2	Figure 2		Modelled from INDEPENDENT-CKD data
Long-term dialysis initiation	Figure 3	Figure 3		Modelled from INDEPENDENT-CKD data
Utility
Pre-dialysis CKD utility	0.86	0.86		Gorodetskaya 2005; weighted average of utility in stage 4 and 5 CKD
Dialysis utility	0.8	0.8		Bavanandan 2010
Dialysis
Proportion of patients on HD	88	88	%	21st MDTR 2013
Proportion of patients on CAPD	12	12	%	21st MDTR 2013
HD cost	259.09	259.09	RM/ session	Hooi 2005, IMF 2013
CAPD cost	99.04	99.04	RM/day	Hooi 2005, IMF 2013
Base case modelling parameters
Cohort size	1000	1000	patient	Assumption
Time horizon	60	60	year	Assumption
Discount rate on costs	3	3	%	Malaysian PE Guidelines 2012
Discount rate on outcomes	3	3	%	Malaysian PE Guidelines 2012