Microalbuminuria and Retinopathy among Hypertensive Nondiabetic Patients at a Large Public Outpatient Clinic in Southwestern Uganda

Table 3

Logistic regression analysis of factors associated with target organ damage.

Explanatory variables (characteristics)	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	OR	95% CI	value	OR	95% CI	value
Sex
Male	1.0
Female	0.77	0.41–1.46	0.42
Age
≤65 years	1.0			1.0
>65 years	2.11	1.76–3.87	0.001	1.65	0.93–3.36	0.15
Smoking history
Current smoker
Nonsmoker	1.29	0.55–3.05	0.56
Exercising
Regular exercise
Irregular/no exercise	1.17	0.53–2.55	0.69
Duration of hypertension diagnosis
≤5 years	1.0			1.0
>5 years	2.03	1.03–3.98	0.04	1.74	0.85–3.59	0.13
SBP
<140 mmHg	1.0			1.0
≥140 mmHg	2.92	1.53–5.58	0.001	2.76	1.29–5.93	0.01
DBP
<90 mmHg	1.0			1.0
≥90 mmHg	1.73	0.85–3.49	0.13	1.22	0.53–2.81	0.64
BMI
≥25 Kg/m^2
<25 Kg/m^2	0.49	0.25–0.96	0.039	0.59	0.28–1.14	0.11
ACEI
Not taking ACEIs
Taking ACEIs	1.39	0.67–2.88	0.37
-blocker
No beta-blockers
Beta-blockers	1.99	1.0–3.96	0.05	2.16	1.05–4.44	0.04
Calcium blocker
Calcium blockers
No calcium blockers	1.07	0.54–2.12	0.84
Diuretic
Taking diuretics
Not taking diuretics	1.74	0.92–3.29	0.088	1.60	0.80–3.20	0.18

Note. Variables with a value less than 0.25 were then included in the multivariate model.