Challenging, Safe, and Effective Use of External Iliac Vein for Insertion of Tunneled Cuffed Hemodialysis Catheters: A Single-Center Prospective Study

Table 1

Demographic data and patient characteristics.

Parameter	All patients (n = 80)
Age (years), Mean ± SD	52.8 ± 8
Male sex, No (%)	36 (45%)
Causes of ESKD:
(i) Hypertension, No (%)	25 (31.25%)
(ii) Diabetes mellitus, No (%)	20 (25%)
(iii) Chronic glomerulonephritis, No (%)	15 (18.75%)
(iv) Chronic pyelonephritis, No (%)	12 (15%)
(v) APCKD, No (%)	3 (3.75%)
(vi) Amyloidosis, No (%)	3 (3.75%)
(vii) Idiopathic, No (%)	2 (2.5%)
Comorbidity
(i) Cerebrovascular disease, No (%)	15 (18.75%)
(ii) Congestive heart failure, No (%)	15 (18.75%)
(iii) Coronary artery disease, No (%)	25 (31.25%)
(iv) Malignancy, No (%)	5 (6.25%)
(v) Hypotension, No (%)	20 (25%)

SD: standard deviation; ESKD: end-stage kidney disease; APCKD: autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.