Research Article
Environmental Life-Cycle Analysis of Hybrid Solar Photovoltaic/Thermal Systems for Use in Hong Kong
Table 3
Cumulative energy in free-stand PV/T system.
| | Materials | Quantity consumed (kg) | Cumulative energy intensity (MJ/unit) | Cumulative energy (kWh) |
| | PV/T collector |
| | Front glazing |
| | Low-iron glass (1.76 m2) | 19.7 | 19.7 | 107.9 |
| | Thermal insulation |
| | Glass wool | 1.69 | 31.7 | 14.9 |
| | Thermal absorber |
| | Aluminum absorber | 18.3 | 219 | 1114.7 |
| | Frame and back cover |
| | Aluminum | 1.78 | 219 | 108.0 |
| | PV Encapsulation |
| | PV Module | 1.11 m2 | 976 | 1083.4 |
| | BOS |
| | Water tank |
| | Stainless steel tank | 4.20 | 82.2 | 273.0 | | Tank insulation (Glass wool) | 1.58 | 31.7 | 13.9 | | Aluminum Cladding | 0.966 | 219 | 58.8 |
| | Connecting pipe |
| | Copper piping (15 mm dia.) | 2.4 m | 6.33 | 4.2 | | Pipe insulation (Glass wool) | 0.0627 | 31.7 | 0.6 |
| | Structural support and accessories |
| | Steel stand | 14.2 | 29.2 | 115.2 | | Pipe fittings and structural joints | 7.19 | 140.0 | 93.3 | | Inverter + electric wiring | 5% of PV module | 54.2 |
| | | | Total: | 3041.8 |
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