Improvement of Heat Pipe Solar Collector Thermal Efficiency Using Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Water and TiO<sub>2</sub>/Water Nanofluids

<table class="table-group" id="tab5"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="2"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Stability</td><td class="align_center">0.1 W/m<sup>2</sup></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Accuracy</td><td class="align_center">±10 W/m<sup>2</sup>, ±%5</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Deflection</td><td class="align_center">±%3/year</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Temperature-induced error</td><td class="align_center">±0.38 W/m<sup>2</sup>/°C</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Measuring range</td><td class="align_center">1–3999 W/m<sup>2</sup></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Sampling rate</td><td class="align_center">0.25 s</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Working environment</td><td class="align_center">0°C–50°C, &lt;80%RH</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="2"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<div>Technical features of the pyranometer used in the experiment.</div>

International Journal of Photoenergy

tab5

Table 5

Table 5: Improvement of Heat Pipe Solar Collector Thermal Efficiency Using Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Water and TiO<sub>2</sub>/Water Nanofluids 

International Journal of Photoenergy

Improvement of Heat Pipe Solar Collector Thermal Efficiency Using Al2O3/Water and TiO2/Water Nanofluids

Table 5

Improvement of Heat Pipe Solar Collector Thermal Efficiency Using Al₂O₃/Water and TiO₂/Water Nanofluids