Midline Cervical Cleft: Review of an Uncommon Entity

Table 1

Catalogue of the published world literature by author and year.

Author	Year	Number of pts	F	M	Comments
von Luschka [5]	1848	1		1	Picture of the patient in the journal is a classic MCC with superior skin tag, superficial skin defect overlying a midline cervical web
Roth [25]	1878	1		1
Cusset [26]	1887	1	1
Arndt [27]	1888	1		1	Articles published in 1889 and 1892 by Arndt are further discussions of the same cases but no new cases of midline cleft/sinuses
Delkeskamp [28]	1906	1		1
Bailey [2]	1925	2	2		Called “thyroglossal fistula” but picture and description consistent with MCC
Nylander [29]	1928	2	1
Hein [30]	1931	1	1
Gross and Connerley [3]	1940	2	2		Called “thyroglossal fistula” but picture and description consistent with MCC
Mouchet [31]	1942	1		1
Wynn-Williams [32]	1952	2	2
Gross [4]	1953	4	4		It includes the 2 cases from 1940 in his total of 6; he calls them MCC now rather than thyroglossal fistula
Haym [33]	1954	1	1
Karfik [34]	1958	2
Maneksha [35]	1961	1	1
Van Duyn [9]	1963	1		1
Brown [36]	1963	2
Schaller [37]	1963	1
Cronin and Converse [38]	1964	1	1		Same case appears in 1990 in ch 39 Deformities of the Cervical Region in Plastic Surgery, vol. 3, McCarthy JG, ed. 1990, Philadelphia, WB Saunders, pp. 2078–2085
Amr [39]	1964	1		1
Königová [40]	1965	18			Article total is 20 but 2 were already reported by Karfik in 1958; same article appears in Czech language in 1966 Rozhl Chir (the 1966 article’s summary indicates 22 cases, but the article text indicates only 20)
Gottlieb and Lewin [10]	1966	2	2
Monroe [41]	1966	2			Passing reference to personal experience of two patients with fissura colli medialis
Cosman and Crikelair [15]	1969	2			In discussion of the continuum of midline branchiogenic syndromes, 2 cases of MCC are mentioned
Kriens and Schuchardt [42]	1969	2	1	1	Extensive bibliography and listing of many cases until 1966
Michalland [43]	1970	6
Sanchez Lopez Tello and Straube [44]	1970	1		1
W. Pirsig and H. Pirsig [45]	1972	1
French and Bale [46]	1973	1	1
Sanchez Lopez Tello and Mueller [47]	1973	2		2
Dargallo Reventos [48]	1975	4			In addition, one “incomplete” case is mentioned that was entirely superficial without any deeper elements and was incompletely described so it was excluded from the final tally
Ohtsuka et al. [49]	1976	1
Post [50]	1976	2		2
Isono et al. [51]	1977	1
Balcells-Par and Sancho-Cerquella [52]	1977	3
Andersen and Svendsen [53]	1978	1	1
Minami et al. [54]	1980	1		1
Fritzmeier and Kronsbein [55]	1982	1	1
Wood and Deister [56]	1983	1		1
Godbersen and Wiedemann [57]	1984	1	1
Cotin et al. [58]	1984	1
Lardenet et al. [59]	1984	1		1	It states 70 cases had been reported in the world literature
Gargan et al. [11]	1985	6	5	1	Article total is 12 because it includes the cases that Gross reported in 1940 and 1953
Soper et al. [60]	1986	1
Breton et al. [61]	1987	4		4	Three of the cases are represented in another article published in 1989
Godbersen et al. [22]	1987	2	1	1
Novák and Jakoubková [62]	1987	1		1
Massardier [63]	1987	4
Desnos et al. [64]	1987	4	4
Mihara and Wada [65]	1987	1
Lindsay et al. [66]	1988	2
Bergevin et al. [12]	1989	1	1
S. G. Fincher and G. G. Fincher [67]	1989	1		1
Breton and Freidel [68]	1989				All 3 cases are included in the 1987 article, no new cases
Van der Meulen et al. [69]	1990	1		1
Raffensperger [70]	1990	1
van der Staak et al. [71]	1991	2	1	1
Ikuzawa et al. [24]	1992	1	1
Nicklaus et al. [72]	1992	2	1	1	It includes a case reported by J Friedberg in Dec 1989 in Ped Clinc of North Amer
Montinet et al. [73]	1992	1		1
Maddalozzo et al. [17]	1993	5	4	1
Liu and Lee [14]	1994	1		1
Kececi et al. [19]	1994	1	1		Description consistent with a MCC
Maschka et al. [74]	1995	1	1
Sfeir et al. [75]	1995	4
Ayache et al. [76]	1997	1		1
Andryk et al. [77]	1999	1		1
Soderberg et al. [78]	1999	1	1
Eastlack et al. [79]	2000	1		1
Çetinkurşun [80]	2001	1		1
Ercocen [23]	2002	1	1
Genc et al. [81]	2002	1		1
Sanchez Lopez Tello [82]	2002	1		1	Article total is 4 but includes cases of Sanchez-Lopes-Tello reported in 1970 with Straube and in 1973 with Muller
Tsukuno et al. [83]	2002	1	1
Hirokawa et al. [84]	2003	1	1
Joshi et al. [20]	2003	1	1
Mylnarek et al. [85]	2003	1	1
Daw and Patel [86]	2003	1		1
Sannajust et al. [87]	2004	1	1
Derbez et al. [88]	2004	5	3	2
Bajaj et al. [89]	2004	1		1
Tagliarini et al. [90]	2004	2	1	1
Gardner and Moss [91]	2005	1		1
Saha et al. [13]	2005	2	1	1
Cochran et al. [92]	2006	1	1
C. O. Kara and I. G. Kara [93]	2006	1		1
Foley and Fallat [94]	2006	1
Smith et al. [95]	2006	3	2	1
Agag et al. [96]	2007	1		1
Mendis and Moss [97]	2007	2	1	1
Franzese et al. [98]	2008	2	2
Turkyilmaz et al. [99]	2008	1
Cheng and Gottschall [100]	2009	1	1
Renukaswamy et al. [101]	2009	4	1	3
Sharma et al. [102]	2009	1		1
Vure et al. [103]	2009	1	1
Warden and Millar [104]	2010	1	1
Nijkamp and Rijlaarsdam [105]	2011	1	1
Patil et al. [106]	2011	1	1
Grynspan et al. [107]	2012	1		1
Jakobsen et al. [108]	2012	1	1		It presents 3 cases but two involved the mandible
McInnes et al. [109]	2012	1		1
Doddamani et al. [110]	2012	1	1
Mendez-Gallart et al. [111]	2012	1	1
Sinopidis et al. [112]	2012	1	1
Tröbs et al. [113]	2012	2		2
Martí Fajardo [114]	2012	1		1
Lillehei and Coran [115]	2012	1	1
Farhadi et al. [116]	2012	2	1	1
Mirza [117]	2013	1		1
Saha et al. [118]	2013	2	2	0	It includes two cases initially described in Saha’s 2005 paper; a case of a true cleft from the mandible to the sternum was excluded from the tally
Eom et al. [119]	2014	1	1	0	First case reported in the Korean population
Crippa et al. [120]	2014	1	1	0
Puscas (new cases)	2015	10	2	8
TOTAL		205	79	66