Development of Swallowing Function in Infants with Oral Feeding Difficulties

Table 2

Characteristics of preterm infants with swallowing dysfunction.

	Infants with swallowing dysfunction ()	Infants without swallowing dysfunction ()	value
Gestational age (week^+day)			0.010
Birth weight (g)	1595 ± 864	2109 ± 900	0.047
Male, (%)	13 (56.5)	15 (68.2)	0.420
SGA, (%)	5 (21.7)	2 (9.1)	0.242
Apgar score at 1 min			0.892
Apgar score at 5 min			0.116
CRIB II			0.004
Antenatal corticosteroids, (%)	17 (73.9)	14 (63.6)	0.457
Maternal GDM, (%)	2 (8.7)	5 (22.7)	0.194
Maternal PIH, (%)	4 (17.4)	5 (22.7)	0.655
Chorioamnionitis, (%)	5 (21.7)	5 (22.7)	0.936
RDS, (%)	20 (87.0)	15 (68.2)	0.130
Surfactant redosing, (%)	8 (34.8)	2 (9.1)	0.038
Duration of mechanical ventilation (days)			0.025
Duration of invasive ventilation (days)			0.015
BPD, (%)	7 (30.4)	3 (13.6)	0.175
BPD (moderate to severe), (%)	5 (21.7)	2 (9.1)	0.242
Ligation of PDA, (%)	2 (8.7)	2 (9.1)	0.963
IVH (≥grade 3), (%)	3 (13.0)	0 (0.0)	0.080
PVL, (%)	2 (8.7)	2 (9.1)	0.963
ROP (≥stage 2), (%)	3 (13.0)	0 (0.0)	0.080
NEC (≥stage 2), (%)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	>0.99
Hospital stay (days)			0.108
PMA at the time of MBS (week^+day)			0.586

SGA: small for gestational age; CRIB: clinical risk index for babies; GDM: gestational diabetes mellitus; PIH: pregnancy-induced hypertension; RDS: respiratory distress syndrome; BPD: bronchopulmonary dysplasia; PDA: patent ductus arteriosus; IVH: intraventricular hemorrhage; PVL: periventricular leukomalacia; ROP: retinopathy of prematurity; NEC: necrotizing enterocolitis; PMA: postmenstrual age; MBS: modified barium swallow.