Clinical and Epidemiological Features of Patients with Drug-Induced Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis in Iran: Different Points of Children from Adults
Table 1
Demographic, characteristics, and hospitalization information in Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS)/toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) patients by age group.
Parameters
Age group
value
All ()
Pediatric (≤18 y) ()
Adult (>18y) ()
Sex
Female (, %)
53
52.5
12
38.7
41
58.6
0.06
Male (, %)
48
47.5
19
61.3
29
41.4
Living place
Urban (, %)
87
86.1
28
90.3
59
84.3
0.41
Rural (, %)
14
13.9
3
9.7
11
15.7
Season od admission
Spring (, %)
25
24.8
9
29.0
16
22.9
0.43
Summer (, %)
26
25.7
9
29.0
17
24.3
Autumn (, %)
31
30.7
6
19.4
25
35.7
Winter (, %)
19
18.8
7
22.6
12
17.1
Admission site
Ward (, %)
94
93.1
30
96.8
64
91.4
0.33
ICU (, %)
7
6.9
1
3.2
6
8.6
Latency until manifestation, day (median, IQR)
4
7,14
6
4,10
7
4,14
0.06
Length of hospital stay, day (median, IQR)
8
5,12
7
5,9
10
6,13
0.01
Culprit medication
Antibiotic (, %)
36
35.6
12
38.7
24
34.3
0.95
Antiepileptic (, %)
46
45.5
14
45.2
32
45.7
Other (, %)
12
11.9
3
9.7
9
12.9
Undetermined (, %)
7
6.9
2
6.5
5
7.1
Reason for drug administration
Infection (, %)
38
37.6
14
45.2
24
34.3
0.001
Seizure (, %)
24
23.8
14
45.2
10
14.3
Psychiatry (, %)
20
19.8
1
3.2
19
27.1
Other (, %)
11
10.9
1
3.2
10
14.3
Undetermined/no data (, %)
8
7.9
1
3.2
7
10.0
Mucosal involvement
Oral (, %)
93
92.1
28
90.3
65
92.9
0.66
Eye (, %)
31
30.7
11
35.5
20
28.6
0.48
Genitalia (, %)
22
21.8
4
12.9
18
25.7
0.15
Nose (, %)
7
6.9
1
3.2
6
8.6
0.33
Number of mucosal sites involved
1 (, %)
50
49.5
17
54.8
33
47.1
0.53
2 (, %)
49
48.5
14
45.2
35
50.0
3 (, %)
2
2.0
0
0.0
2
2.9
Sites of lesion
Trunk (, %)
78
77.2
27
87.1
51
72.9
0.11
Upper extremities (, %)
56
55.4
16
51.6
40
57.1
0.60
Head and neck (, %)
54
53.5
21
67.7
33
47.1
0.056
Lower extremities (, %)
50
49.5
16
51.6
34
48.6
0.77
Acral (, %)
33
32.7
7
22.6
26
37.1
0.15
Temperature
Fever
38
37.6
7
22.6
31
44.3
0.03
No fever
63
62.4
24
77.4
39
55.7
Diagnosis
SJS (, %)
76
75.2
18
58.1
58
82.9
0.004
SJS/TEN (, %)
17
16.8
11
35.5
6
8.6
TEN (, %)
8
7.9
2
6.5
6
8.6
SCORTEN
0 (, %)
47
46.5
15
48.4
32
45.7
0.89
1 (, %)
34
33.7
9
29.0
25
35.7
2 (, %)
16
15.8
6
19.4
10
14.3
3 (, %)
3
3.0
1
3.2
2
2.9
4 (, %)
1
1.0
0
.0
1
1.4
SCORTEN (median, IQR)
1
0,1
1
0,1
1
0,1
0.97
Treatment
Systemic corticosteroid (, %)
66
65.3
19
61.3
47
67.1
0.87
Combination (, %)
14
13.9
4
12.9
10
14.3
IVIG (, %)
13
12.9
5
16.1
8
11.4
Supportive care (, %)
8
7.9
3
9.7
5
7.1
values are obtained from Chi-2 or U-Mann–Whitney tests, IQR: interquartile range. SJS: Stevens-Johnson syndrome; TEN: toxic epidermal necrolysis; S/T: SJS/TEN overlap; ICU: intensive care unit; IVIG: intravenous immunoglobulin.
