Use of Biologic Agents in Ocular Manifestations of Rheumatic Disease

Table 1

Biologic agents.

Biologic agent	Trade name	Mechanism of action
TNF-α blockers
Infliximab	Remicade	Chimeric monoclonal antibody against TNF-α
Etanercept	Enbrel	TNF receptor-IgG fusion protein
Adalimumab	Humira	Human monoclonal antibody against TNF-α
Certolizumab pegol	Cimzia	PEGylated Fab of a humanized TNF inhibitor monoclonal antibody
Golimumab	Simponi	Humanized monoclonal antibody against TNF-α
Lymphocyte inhibitors
Rituximab	Rituxan	Chimeric monoclonal antibody against CD20
Abatacept	Orencia	Selective inhibitor of T-cell costimulation
Anti-interleukin antibodies
Anakinra	Kineret	IL-1 receptor antagonist
Daclizumab	Zenapax	Humanized monoclonal antibody to IL-2 receptor
Tocilizumab	Actemra	Humanized monoclonal antibody to IL-6R
Basiliximab	Simulect	Chimeric monoclonal antibody to the CD25
Specific receptor antibodies
Efalizumab	Raptiva	CD11a, a pan-leukocyte surface marker, inhibitor
Alefacept	Amevive	CD2 inhibitor
Alemtuzumab	Campath-1H	CD52, a pan-lymphocyte antigen, antagonist
Anti-VEGF-A antibodies
Ranibizumab	Lucentis	Monoclonal antibody fragment (Fab) targeting VEGF-A
Bevacizumab	Avastin	Monoclonal antibody targeting VEGF-A