The Chromosomal Constitution of Embryos Arising from Monopronuclear Oocytes in Programmes of Assisted Reproduction

Table 1

The genetic constitution of monopronuclear oocytes and resultant developmental stages.

Material	Origin	Number of cases	Method	Cytogenetic constitution			Reference
				Haploid	Diploid	Other
Karyoplasts	IVF	16	FISH	10 (62.5%)	6 (37.5%)	0	Levron et al. [11]
Zygotes	IVF	20	Cytogenetics/FISH	9 (45.0%)	11 (55.0%)	0	Balakier et al. [13]
Zygotes	IVF	45	Histone methylation	6 (13.3%)	39 (86.7%)	0	van der Heijden et al. [12]
Embryos	IVF	54	Cytogenetics	? (69.0%)	? (13.0%)	? (17.0%)	Plachot et al. [19]
Embryos	IVF	9	Cytogenetics	3 (33.3%)	5 (55.6%)	1 (11.1%)	Jamieson et al. [20]
Embryos	IVF	41	Cytogenetics	5 (12.2%)	33 (80.5%)	3 (7.3%)	Staessen et al. [2]
Embryos	IVF	21	FISH	3 (14.3%)	15 (71.4%)	3 (14.3%)	Sultan et al. [3]
Embryos	IVF	115	FISH	15 (13.0%)	56 (48.7%)	44 (38.3%)	Staessen and van Steirteghem [7]
Embryos	IVF	26	Cytogenetics	6 (23.1%)	19 (73.1%)	1 (3.8%)	Lim et al. [14]
Embryos	IVF	46	FISH	11 (23.9%)	25 (54.3%)	10 (21.7%)	Yan et al. [21]
Blastocysts	IVF	6	FISH	0	6 (100%)	0	Otsu et al. [22]
Zygotes	ICSI	18	Cytogenetics	18 (100%)	0	0	Rosenbusch (unpublished data)
Zygotes	ICSI	28	Cytogenetics	28 (100%)	0	0	Macas et al. [17]
Zygotes	ICSI	33	Histone methylation	23 (69.7%)	10 (30.3%)	0	van der Heijden et al. [12]
Embryos	ICSI	21	FISH	14 (66.7%)	6 (28.6%)	1 (4.8%)	Sultan et al. [3]
Embryos	ICSI	61	FISH	19 (31.2%)	17 (27.9%)	25 (41.0%)	Staessen and van Steirteghem [7]
Embryos	ICSI	24	Cytogenetics	14 (58.3%)	9 (37.5%)	1 (4.2%)	Lim et al. [14]
Embryos	ICSI	73	FISH	23 (31.5%)	23 (31.5%)	27 (37.0%)	Yan et al. [21]
Embryos	ICSI	46	FISH	8 (17.4%)	1 (2.2%)	37 (80.4%)	Mateo et al. [16]
Blastocysts	ICSI	8	FISH	1 (12.5%)	3 (37.5%)	4 (50.0%)	Mateo et al. [16]
Embryos	IVF/ICSI	95	FISH	29 (30.5%)	37 (38.9%)	29 (30.5%)	Liao et al. [15]
Blastocysts	IVF/ICSI	59	FISH	0	46 (78.0%)	13 (22.0%)	Liao et al. [15]

Embryos comprise developing or arrested cleavage stages including the morula. The category “Haploid” may contain deviations from the exact chromosome count of 23 and haploid-mosaic cells. Also, the category “Diploid” may contain deviations from the exact chromosome count of 46 and diploid-mosaic cells (see Results). “Other” cytogenetic constitutions include polyploid, mosaic, complex, and chaotic cases. ?: absolute numbers not indicated.