International Journal of Surgical Oncology

Research Article

Predictive Factors of Positive Circumferential and Longitudinal Margins in Early T3 Colorectal Cancer Resection

Table 2

Relation between circumferential and longitudinal resection margins and different clinicopathological parameters (n = 50).


	Circumferential resection margin		Test of sig.		Longitudinal resection margin		Test of sig.
	Negative (n = 33)	Positive (n = 17)	Test of sig.		Negative (n = 44)	Positive (n = 6)	Test of sig.

Sex
Male	20 (60.6%)	11 (64.7%)	χ² = 0.080	0.777	27 (61.4%)	4 (66.7%)	χ² = 0.063	1.000
Female	13 (39.4%)	6 (35.3%)	χ² = 0.080	0.777	17 (38.6%)	2 (33.3%)	χ² = 0.063	1.000
Age (years)
Median (Min.–max.)	63 (49–72)	66 (55–70)	t = 0.507	0.615	63 (49–72)	63.5 (55–67)	t = 0.792	0.432
Mean ± SD.	63.5 ± 4.2	64.2 ± 4	t = 0.507	0.615	63.9 ± 4.1	62.5 ± 4.5	t = 0.792	0.432
Tumor site
Colon	31 (93.9%)	10 (58.8%)	χ² = 9.374	0.004	39 (88.6%)	2 (33.3%)	χ² = 10.941	0.007
Rectum	2 (6.1%)	7 (41.2%)	χ² = 9.374	0.004	5 (11.4%)	4 (66.7%)	χ² = 10.941	0.007
Tumor size
Median (min.–max.)	4 (3–6)	4 (3–6)	t = 0.376	0.709	4 (3–6)	4.5 (3–6)	t = 0.886	0.380
Mean ± SD.	4.3 ± 1	4.4 ± 0.9	t = 0.376	0.709	4.3 ± 0.9	4.7 ± 1.2	t = 0.886	0.380
Gross appearance
Ulcer	9 (27.3%)	6 (35.3%)	χ² = 10.448	0.005	14 (31.8%)	1 (16.7%)	χ² = 5.470	0.049
Infiltrating	4 (12.1%)	8 (47.1%)			8 (18.2%)	4 (66.7%)
Fun gating	20 (60.6%)	3 (17.6%)			22 (50%)	1 (16.7%)
Histopathological type
Adenocarcinoma	23 (69.7%)	3 (17.6%)	χ² = 12.624	0.002	25 (56.8%)	1 (16.7%)	χ² = 13.543	<0.001
Mucinous	7 (21.2%)	8 (47.1%)			15 (34.1%)	0 (0%)
Signet ring	3 (9.1%)	6 (35.3%)			4 (9.1%)	5 (83.3%)
Depth
Pericolorectal tissue/serosa	3 (9.1%)	17 (100%)	FE	<0.001	15 (34%)	5 (83.3%)	χ² = 5.35	0.021
Muscularis propria	30 (90.9%)	0 (0%)	FE	<0.001	29 (66%)	1 (16.7%)	χ² = 5.35	0.021
Tumor grade
I	13 (39.4%)	2 (11.8%)	χ² = 6.742	0.034	15 (34.1%)	0 (0%)	χ² = 5.685	0.042
II	12 (36.4%)	5 (29.4%)			16 (36.4%)	1 (16.7%)
III	8 (24.2%)	10 (58.8%)			13 (29.5%)	5 (83.3%)
Advancing tumor front
Invasive pattern	20 (60.6%)	17 (100%)	χ² = 9.050	0.002	31 (70.5%)	6 (100%)	χ² = 2.396	0.122
Broad pushing margin (cohesive pattern)	13 (39.4%)	0 (0%)	χ² = 9.050	0.002	13 (29.5%)	0 (0%)	χ² = 2.396	0.122
Lymph nodes involvement	5 (15.2%)	11 (64.7%)	χ² = 12.662	0.001	11 (25%)	5 (83.3%)	χ² = 8.257	0.010
Inflammation	15 (45.5%)	12 (70.6%)	χ² = 2.853	0.091	23 (52.3%)	4 (66.7%)	χ² = 0.440	0.674
Desmoplasia	11 (33.3%)	9 (52.9%)	χ² = 1.797	0.180	16 (36.4%)	4 (66.7%)	χ² = 2.020	0.202
Tumor budding	8 (24.2%)	10 (58.8%)	χ² = 5.824	0.016	13 (29.5%)	5 (83.3%)	χ² = 6.630	0.018
Necrosis	9 (27.3%)	10 (58.8%)	χ² = 4.741	0.029	15 (34.1%)	4 (66.7%)	χ² = 2.378	0.184
Perineural invasion	1 (3%)	4 (23.5%)	χ² = 5.239	0.040	2 (4.5%)	3 (50%)	χ² = 12.121	0.009
Vascular invasion	3 (9.1%)	7 (41.2%)	χ² = 7.219	0.021	6 (13.6%)	4 (66.7%)	χ² = 9.280	0.011
Mitotic index
Median (min.–max.)	7 (1–11)	8 (2–10)	U = 265.50	0.620	7 (1–11)	7.5 (4–10)	U = 97.50	0.311
Mean ± SD	6 ± 3.2	6.4 ± 2.9	U = 265.50	0.620	5.9 ± 3.1	7.5 ± 2.3	U = 97.50	0.311
Apoptotic index
Median (min.–max.)	7 (2–13)	10 (2–15)	U = 207.50	0.132	9 (2–15)	7.5 (3–11)	U = 124.0	39.0
Mean ± SD	7.2 ± 3.5	8.7 ± 4.1	U = 207.50	0.132	7.8 ± 3.7	7.2 ± 3.9	U = 124.0	39.0
MVD
Median (min.–max.)	7 (2–13)	11 (7–18)	U = 88.0	<0.001	7 (2–18)	11 (10–11)	U = 39.0	0.004
Mean ± SD	6.3 ± 3	10.2 ± 2.5	U = 88.0	<0.001	7.3 ± 3.4	10.7 ± 0.5	U = 39.0	0.004
Sinusoidal vascular pattern
Negative	29 (87.9%)	10 (58.8%)	χ² = 5.520	0.001	38 (86.4%)	1 (16.7%)	χ² = 14.947	0.001
Positive	4 (12.1%)	7 (41.2%)	χ² = 5.520	0.001	6 (13.6%)	5 (83.3%)	χ² = 14.947	0.001

χ²: Chi-square test; t: Student’s t-test; U: Mann–Whitney test; FE: Fisher’s Exact test; : value for association between negative and positive; : statistically significant at .