Telehealth Interventions for Family Caregivers of Persons with Chronic Health Conditions: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

Table 6

Characteristics of telehealth interventions by delivery modality.

(a)

Telephone interventions ()

Authors

Caregiver intervention components

Caregiver applications

User control

Skills training group (G) or individual (I)

Psychoeducation & resource materials

Self-monitoring/tracking

Reminders

Counseling group (G) or individual (I)

Email

Discussion forum/online chat

Online journal

Text message

Telephone calls

Useful links & resources

Facilitator-guided

Self-guided

Au et al. [13]

X (I)

X

X (I)

X

Bakas et al. [14]

X (I)

X

X

X

Bakas et al. [15]

X (I)

X

X

Campbell et al. [16]

X (G)

X

X

Chodosh et al. [17]

X (I)

X

X(I)

X

Davis et al. [18]

X (I)

X

X

X

Demiris et al. [19]

X (I)

X

Dionne-Odom et al. [20]

X (I)

X

Dollinger and Chwalisz [21]

X (I)

X

X

Elliott et al. [22]

X (I)

X

X

Elliott and Berry [23]

X (I)

X

Farran et al. [24]

X (G) & (I)

X

Farran et al. [25]

X (I)

X

X

Finkel et al. [26]

X (I)

X (G)

X

Gant et al. [27]

X (I)

X

X

X

Grant et al. [28]

X (I)

X

X

Hartke and King [29]

X

X (G)

X

Hu et al. [30]

X (G) & (I)

X

X

Keeping-Burke et al. [31]

X

X (I)

X

King et al. [32]

X (I)

X

X

Kwok et al. [33]

X (I)

X

X

Lingler et al. [34]

X (I)

X

X

McCann et al. [35]

X

X

X

Porter et al. [36]

X (G)

X

X

Rivera et al. [37]

X (I)

X

X

Shaw et al. [38]

X (I)

X

Smith and Toseland [39]

X (G)

X

X (G)

X

X

Tanner et al. [40]

X (I)

X

X

X

Tremont et al. [41]

X (I)

X

X

X

Tremont et al. [42]

X

X (I)

X

Wilz et al. [43]

X (I)

X

Wilz and Soellner et al. [44]

X (I)

X

X (I)

X

Winter and Gitlin [45]

X

X (G)

X

(b)

Web interventions ()

Authors

Caregiver intervention components

Caregiver applications

User control

Skills training group (G) or individual (I)

Psychoeducation & resource materials

Self-monitoring/tracking

Reminders

Counseling group (G) or individual (I)

Email

Discussion forum/online chat

Online journal

Text message

Telephone calls

Useful links & resources

Facilitator-guided

Self-guided

Beauchamp et al. [46]

X (I)

X

X

Blom et al. [47]

X (I)

X

X

X

X

Chih et al. [48]

X (I)

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

Hattink et al. [49]

X (I)

X

X

X

X

Kajiyama et al. [50]

X (I)

X

X

Klemm et al. [51]

X (G)

X

X

Marziali and Donahue [52]

X

X (G)

X

X

X

X

Petranovich et al. [53]

X (G)

X

Pierce et al. [54]

X

X

X

X

Raj et al. [55]

X (G)

X

X

X

Smith et al. [56]

X (G)

X

X

X

X

X

X

Vander Stoep et al. [57]

X (G)

X

X

Wade et al. [58]

X (G)

X

X

X

Wade et al. [59]

X (G)

X

X

X

(c)

Combined telephone and web interventions ()

Authors

Caregiver intervention components

Caregiver applications

User control

Skills training group (G) or individual (I)

Psychoeducation & resource materials

Self-monitoring/tracking

Reminders

Counseling group (G) or individual (I)

Email

Discussion forum/online chat

Online journal

Text message

Telephone calls

Useful links & resources

Facilitator-guided

Self-guided

Eisdorfer et al. [60]

X

X (G)

X

X

X

Grover et al. [61]

X

X (I)

X

X

X

Hicken et al. [62]

X (I)

X

X

X

X

X

Mahoney et al. [63]

X (I)

X

X

X

X

Oliver et al. [64]

X

X

Piette et al. [65]

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

Powell et al. [66]

X (I)

X

X

Steel et al. [67]

X

X

X (I)

X

X

X

X

X

Steffen and Grant [68]

X (I)

X

X

Williams et al. [69]

X (I)

X

X