Troop Takeover and Reproductive Success of Wild Male Japanese Macaques on Yakushima Island (Macaca fuscata yakui)
Table 6
Reproductive success of takeover males.
Year
Troop
Troop takeover
Average number of estrous females per day
Infants born (paternity decided)
Number of male siring offspring
High-ranking troop malec
Low-ranking troop malec
NTM
Takeover
1996a
B
Yes
1.53
1 (1)
0 (2)
0 (4)
1
0 (2)
1997a
B
No
1.73
3 (2)
1 (2)
0 (5)
1
—
1998a
B
No
No data
0
0 (1)
0 (4)
0
—
1999a
B
Yes
No data
1 (1)
—
—
1
0 (1)
2000a
B
Yes
No data
1 (1)
0 (1)
0 (1)
0
1 (2)
2003
B
No
0.52
0
0 (1)
0 (1)
0
—
1997b
NA
No
2.42
11 (9)
2d (2)
3 (13)
3
—
1998b
NA
No
0
0 (2)
0 (10)
0
—
1999a
NA
Yes
1.77
3 (2)
0 (2)
1 (5)
1
0 (1)
2000a
NA
No
1.28
1 (1)
0 (2)
1 (5)
0
—
2003
NA
Yes
1.63
3 (2)
1 (1)
0 (0)
0
1 (1)
2003
E
Yes
2.13
6 (5)
0 (2)
1 (5)
2
1e (1)
2003
Momoe
Yes
1.39
2 (2)
0 (1)
2 (3)
0
0 (1)
Total
32 (26)
4 (19)
9 (56)
9
3 (9)
aData are from Hayakawa 2008. bData are from Soltis et al., 2000, 2001. cThe number in parenthesis shows the number of candidate fathers. For example, in 1996, the number of high-ranking troop males was two, but the number of high-ranking males successfully siring offspring was zero. dOne of the high ranking male succeeded in siring two offspring. eTake over male succeeded in siring two offspring.