Attached Smoking Room Is a Source of PM2.5 in Adjacent Nonsmoking Areas
Table 1
Detailed information of sampling site and population in the mahjong clubs of this study.
Characteristic
Valuea
Indoor PM2.5
b
Site
Number (site-time)
105
/
Opening hours
13 : 00-19 : 00
/
Room size (m3)
deviation
<0.001
Median
37.5
178
Ventilation
Opening window number
1
98 (93%)
<0.001
2
7 (7%)
Working air conditioner number
0
18 (17%)
<0.001
1
17 (16%)
2
60 (58%)
4
10 (9%)
Temperature (°C)
deviation
<0.001
Median
29.3
178
Relative humidity (RH, %)
deviation
<0.001
Median
51.5
178
Cigarette butts found in room
Yes
54 (51%)
<0.001
Number ( deviation)
Number (median)
20
No
49 (47%)
Population
Number (person-time)
382
/
Gender
Female
179 (47%)
/
Male
203 (53%)
/
Age (year)
deviation
/
Median
46.0
/
Active smoker
Yes
112 (35%)
/
No
211 (65%)
/
Staying duration (hours)
deviation
/
Median
5.0
/
aValues are expressed as deviations for room size, temperature, relative humidity, cigarette, age and staying hours, and as numbers and percentages for ventilation, cigarette, gender, and active smoker. bSpearman’s correlation analysis was used to assess the correlations between room size/temperature/relative humidity, and indoor PM2.5. The Mann–Whitney test or Kruskal-Wallis test was used to assess indoor PM2.5 differences among other categories.
