Effects of Window Position and Exhaust Flow Rate on Residential Kitchen Hood Performance: A Validated Numerical Approach

Table 5

CO₂-based capture efficiency (CE) from previous studies with the back burner under the highest or comparable flow rate to the low flow setting (6.72 m³/min) in our studies [13, 22, 35, 36].

Authors (year)	Study site	Ventilation status	Flow rate (m^3/min)	Range of CE (%)
Singer et al. (2012) [36]	Residence	Windows closed	6.30-7.20	45-100
Delp and Singer (2012) [22]	Laboratory	Controlled conditions with no windows	7.08	>80
Lunden et al. (2015) [35]	Laboratory	Controlled conditions with no windows	4.80-8.28	>90
Singer et al. (2017) [13]	Residence	Windows closed; no HVAC	1.14-9.18	75 to >95
This study (2024)	Laboratory	One window with six opening positions	6.72	Front windows: 81-83; Side windows: 33-49; Back windows: 56-65

HVI-recommended flow rate. HVAC = heating, ventilation, and air conditioning.