Research Article
Associations of Indoor Ventilation Frequency with Depression and Anxiety in Chinese Older Adults
Table 1
Indoor ventilation frequency, depression, and anxiety among the participants.
| | Characteristics | | Indoor ventilation status (, %) | | value | Depression (, %) | | value | Anxiety (, %) | | value | | Low | Intermediate | High |
| | Total | 12096 | 1066 (8.81) | 3946 (32.62) | 7084 (58.56) | | | 3277 (27.09) | | | 259 (2.14) | | | | Age group | | | | | 32.924 | <0.001 | | 84.573 | <0.001 | | 4.847 | 0.089 | | 65-74 | 3034 | 200 (6.59) | 1008 (33.22) | 1826 (60.18) | | | 635 (20.93) | | | 59 (1.94) | | | | 75-84 | 3749 | 321 (8.56) | 1221 (32.57) | 2207 (58.87) | | | 1039 (27.71) | | | 69 (1.84) | | | | ≥85 | 5313 | 545 (10.26) | 1717 (32.32) | 3051 (57.43) | | | 1603 (30.17) | | | 131 (2.47) | | | | Sex | | | | | 5.089 | 0.079 | | 117.775 | <0.001 | | 30.220 | <0.001 | | Male | 5635 | 462 (8.20) | 1860 (33.01) | 3313 (58.79) | | | 1262 (22.40) | | | 77 (1.37) | | | | Female | 6461 | 604 (9.35) | 2086 (32.29) | 3771 (58.37) | | | 2015 (31.19) | | | 182 (2.82) | | | | Current smoking status | | | | | 4.221 | 0.121 | | 22.000 | <0.001 | | 16.516 | <0.001 | | Nonsmoker | 10022 | 893 (8.91) | 3302 (32.95) | 5827 (58.14) | | | 2799 (27.93) | | | 238 (2.37) | | | | Current smoker | 1954 | 164 (8.39) | 605 (30.96) | 1185 (60.64) | | | 445 (22.77) | | | 18 (0.92) | | | | Current drinking status | | | | | 2.691 | 0.260 | | 48.528 | <0.001 | | 8.061 | 0.005 | | Nondrinker | 10071 | 895 (8.89) | 3302 (32.79) | 5874 (58.33) | | | 2848 (28.28) | | | 231 (2.29) | | | | Current drinker | 1836 | 152 (8.28) | 576 (31.37) | 1108 (60.35) | | | 375 (20.42) | | | 23 (1.25) | | | | Exercise habits | | 1047 (8.78) | 3891 (32.63) | 6987 (58.59) | 246.493 | <0.001 | 3227 (27.06) | 286.754 | <0.001 | 254 (2.13) | 20.061 | <0.001 | | Yes | 4111 | 243 (5.91) | 1063 (25.86) | 2805 (68.23) | | | 722 (17.56) | | | 54 (1.31) | | | | No | 7814 | 804 (10.29) | 2828 (36.19) | 4182 (53.52) | | | 2505 (32.06) | | | 200 (2.56) | | | | Years of education | | | | | 201.415 | <0.001 | | 212.540 | <0.001 | | 24.086 | <0.001 | | 0 | 5362 | 649 (12.10) | 1842 (34.35) | 2871 (53.54) | | | 1796 (33.49) | | | 152 (2.83) | | | | 1-6 | 4162 | 303 (7.28) | 1332 (32.00) | 2527 (60.72) | | | 956 (22.97) | | | 76 (1.83) | | | | More than 6 | 2458 | 103 (4.19) | 724 (29.45) | 1631 (66.35) | | | 488 (19.85) | | | 30 (1.22) | | | | Occupation | | | | | 277.962 | <0.001 | | 65.685 | <0.001 | | 21.329 | <0.001 | | Formal | 3140 | 112 (3.57) | 829 (26.40) | 2199 (70.03) | | | 677 (21.56) | | | 35 (1.11) | | | | Informal | 8956 | 954 (10.65) | 3117 (34.80) | 4885 (54.54) | | | 2600 (29.03) | | | 224 (2.50) | | | | Resident area | | | | | 405.446 | <0.001 | | 59.641 | <0.001 | | 14.740 | 0.001 | | Urban | 2786 | 56 (2.01) | 717 (25.74) | 2013 (72.25) | | | 606 (21.75) | | | 35 (1.26) | | | | Town | 4006 | 396 (9.89) | 1267 (31.63) | 2343 (58.49) | | | 1207 (30.13) | | | 104 (2.60) | | | | Rural | 5304 | 614 (11.58) | 1962 (36.99) | 2728 (51.43) | | | 1464 (27.60) | | | 120 (2.26) | | | | Marital status | | | | | 13.163 | 0.001 | | 119.559 | <0.001 | | 7.595 | 0.006 | | Married and living with spouse | 5394 | 419 (7.77) | 1789 (33.17) | 3186 (59.07) | | | 1193 (22.12) | | | 94 (1.74) | | | | Others | 6583 | 635 (9.65) | 2119 (32.19) | 3829 (58.16) | | | 2043 (31.03) | | | 163 (2.48) | | | | Number of chronic diseases | | | | | 43.981 | <0.001 | | 61.758 | <0.001 | | 3.674 | 0.159 | | 0 | 4452 | 424 (9.52) | 1508 (33.87) | 2520 (56.60) | | | 1059 (23.79) | | | 84 (1.89) | | | | 1 | 4007 | 384 (9.58) | 1344 (33.54) | 2279 (56.88) | | | 1070 (26.70) | | | 84 (2.10) | | | | ≥2 | 3637 | 258 (7.09) | 1094 (30.08) | 2285 (62.83) | | | 1148 (31.56) | | | 91 (2.50) | | | | Fuels | | | | | 343.515 | <0.001 | | 77.519 | <0.001 | | 32.869 | <0.001 | | Never cooked in the home | 141 | 17 (12.06) | 58 (41.13) | 66 (46.81) | | | 52 (36.88) | | | 1 (0.71) | | | | Clean fuels | 4384 | 241 (5.50) | 1243 (28.35) | 2900 (66.15) | | | 1051 (23.97) | | | 80 (1.82) | | | | Biomass fuels | 3090 | 468 (15.15) | 1127 (36.47) | 1495 (48.38) | | | 1000 (32.36) | | | 105 (3.40) | | | | Others | 4158 | 337 (8.10) | 1444 (34.73) | 2377 (57.17) | | | 1059 (25.47) | | | 66 (1.59) | | |
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