Glycemic Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with COVID-19 Admitted to Referral Shahid Sayad Shirazi Hospital in Gorgan, North of Iran

Table 3

Comparison of demographic and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients based on glycemic classification.

Qualitative factors^+	Hyperglycemia (%) N = 350	Pre-DM (%) N = 32	Normoglycemia (%) N = 36	value^+
Gender^+
Male	157 (82.6)	15 (7.9)	18 (9.5)	0.828
Female	193 (84.6)	17 (7.5)	18 (7.9)
History of hypertension^+	130 (39)	8 (25)	6 (16.7)	0.012
Anti-COVID-19^+
Remdesivir	331 (79.57)	30 (7.21)	34 (8.17)	0.045
Actemra	16 (3.85)	2(0.48)	0 (0)
Other	1 (0.24)	0 (0)	2 (0.48)
Quantitative factors^++	Hyperglycemia (mean ± SD)	Pre-DM (mean ± SD)	No diabetes (mean ± SD)	value^+
Age (years)^+++	52.3 ± 13.9	45.2 ± 8.3	41.4 ± 16.3	0.001
BMI (kg/m^2)^++	27.4 ± 6	25.5 ± 6	27.1 ± 6	0.225
SBP (mmHg)^++	120 ± 20	120 ± 21	110 ± 30	0.007
DBP (mmHg)^++	75 ± 10	70 ± 12.5	70 ± 23.75	0.395
PR (/minute)^++	90 ± 20	84 ± 14	84 ± 17.25	0.154
RR (/minute)^++	18 ± 2	18 ± 3	18.5 ± 1.75	0.039
Temperature (°C)^++	37.1 ± 0.68	37 ± 1.2	37.25 ± 1.38	0.517
SpO2 at time of admission (%)^++	93 ± 6	94 ± 6	96 ± 3	0.001
SpO2 at discharge (%)^++	95 ± 4	96 ± 3	96.5 ± 2.75	0.001
sCr (mg/dl)^++	1.10 ± 3.4	1.10 ± 0.2	1.05 ± 0.3	0.013
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m^2)^++	62.51 ± 22	72.88 ± 27.1	73.65 ± 27.6	0.001

BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; PR, pulse rate; RR, respiratory rate; SpO₂, blood oxygen saturation level; sCr, serum creatinine; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; ⁺chi-square test was used; ⁺⁺Kruskal–Wallis test was used; ⁺⁺⁺ANOVA test was used.