Revenue Stacking for BESS: Fast Frequency Regulation and Balancing Market Participation in Italy

Figure 8

Average prices for upward and downward regulation in the Italian market (2017 data): hourly prices during working days (a); hourly prices during holidays (b). Red lines are the hourly average upward prices, while blue lines are downward ones. Shaded areas represent the standard deviation.

(a)

(b)