Stability Analysis of Cyber Physical Microgrid with Dynamic Demand Control considering Time Delays

Table 1

Nomenclature.

Nomenclature
MG	Microgrid
CPS	Cyber physical system
D	Damping coefficient
DG	Distribution generation
DSR	Demand side response
DDC	Dynamic demand control
	Frequency deviation
	Real power imbalance
PI	Proportional-Integral
ES	Electrolyser System
FC	Fuel cell
M	Moment of inertia
LC	Local controller
	Time delay and delay margin
UCL	Uncontrolled load
mi	Mass of air flow
MT	Microturbine
PV	Photo voltaic
LFC	Load frequency control
WP	Wind power
	Extended load demand
	Change in output power of housing load
	Proportional gain of local controller
MGCC	Microgrid central controller
	Change in output power of micro turbine
CPES	Cyber physical energy system
	Droop characteristics of micro turbine
	Integral gain of local controller
EER	Energy efficiency ratio
	Integral output of micro-grid central controller
	Electrolyser system time constant
	Fuel cell system time constant
LHP, RHP	Left and right half plane
,	Gain of electrolyser system and fuel cell
,	Integral gain and Proportional gain of micro-grid central controller
	Variation in output power of electrolyser system
	Variation in fuel cell output power
	Change in controlled load power
	Change in uncontrolled load power
	Standard deviation of solar power
	Standard deviation of Wind Power
	Delay in the output of central controller combined with the delay in aggregating controlled loads