A Resilience-Oriented Methodology for Transformation of the Distribution Networks into MicroGrid

Table 2

The Pareto-optimal set obtained by solving the proposed formulation.

Solution no	Grid-connected mode				Islanded mode				OFs value
	Loss (KW)	V-deviation (p.u.)	Min voltage (p.u.)	Max voltage (p.u.)	Loss (KW)	V-deviation (p.u.)	Min voltage (p.u.)	Max voltage (p.u.)	Total losses (KW)	Total V-deviation (p.u.)	Total relay times (Sec)
Base case	808.9958	2.24431	0.866755	0.999921	—	—	—	0.999921	808.9958	2.24431	—
1	225.0669	0	0.967387	1.01185	241.0934	0.235314	0.933695	1.01185	466.1603	0.235314	15.56118
5	241.3926	0	0.95294	1.003841	259.3278	0.75304	0.917536	1.003841	500.7204	0.75304	17.98233
7	245.7253	0	0.967182	0.999953	263.9653	0.270115	0.932317	0.999953	509.6905	0.170115	13.14944
3	253.1685	0	0.960663	1.02406	271.2147	0.19226	0.9266	1.02406	524.3831	0.19226	14.0052
9	258.043	0	0.973827	1.013703	271.2309	0.241938	0.939191	1.013703	523.9032	0.241938	14.74127
4	267.42	0	0.973777	1.009282	286.4683	0.153499	0.940156	1.009282	553.8883	0.153499	14.85584
2	269.6116	0	0.973928	1.012339	288.6834	0.095179	0.940344	1.012339	558.295	0.095179	18.76051
8	268.6546	0	0.973928	1.020798	288.375	0.195353	0.93926	1.020798	557.0297	0.195353	16.29892
10	276.1613	0	0.973957	1.025749	295.6376	0.124681	0.940357	1.025749	571.7989	0.124681	13.98925
6	289.8001	0	0.973726	1.02135	310.2091	0.098854	0.940049	1.02135	600.0092	0.098854	14.72705