A Novel Proposed Algorithm to Enhance the Overcurrent Relays’ Performance in Active Distribution Networks

Table 1

Three-phase fault current at near end and far end for each primary relay.

Faulted section	Primary relay	Backup relay	Fault current
			Near	Far
S1	R1	—	1120	1100
S2	R2	R1	1100	1058
S3	R3	R2	1058	1021
S4	R4	R3	1021	983
S5	R5	R4	983	875
S6	R6	R5	875	811
S7	R7	R6	811	768
S8	R8	R7	768	684
S9	R9	R8	684	614
S10	R10	R9	614	606
S11	R11	R10	606	590
S12	R12	R11	590	512
S13	R13	R12	512	480
S14	R14	R13	480	455
S15	R15	R14	455	430
S16	R16	R15	430	379
S17	R17	R16	379	360
S18	R18	R1	1100	1075
S19	R19	R18	1075	858
S20	R20	R19	858	801
S21	R21	R20	801	710
S22	R22	R2	1021	999
S23	R23	R22	999	882
S24	R24	R23	882	785
S25	R25	R5	875	857
S26	R26	R25	857	832
S27	R27	R26	832	722
S28	R28	R27	722	658
S29	R29	R28	658	630
S30	R30	R29	630	561
S31	R31	R30	561	541
S32	R32	R31	541	515