A Novel Proposed Algorithm to Enhance the Overcurrent Relays’ Performance in Active Distribution Networks

Table 2

Optimal setting variables’ results for the test system’s OCRs.

Relay	Method
	GSA		AM		WHO		IWHO
	TMS	PS	TMS	PS	TMS	PS	TMS	PS
R1	1.1	1.448448	1.1	1.5	1.081742	1.305054	1.031841	1.447165
R2	1.099937	1.486462	1.099952	1.5	0.883191	1.327358	0.88503	1.271911
R3	1.071671	1.409198	1.09248	1.5	0.881812	1.25011	0.780466	1.499995
R4	1.067467	1.282565	1.066456	1.390999	0.846071	1.347917	0.736414	1.259884
R5	1.034137	1.456595	1.066202	1.498746	0.83396	1.288597	0.713074	1.317918
R6	1.012993	1.458447	1.044949	1.5	0.721901	1.499676	0.550633	1.499361
R7	0.988511	1.327238	1.031564	1.5	0.667333	1.25	0.453621	1.457282
R8	0.855103	1.402445	0.98104	1.43129	0.534532	1.320222	0.339896	1.27922
R9	0.71301	1.391872	0.906979	1.416306	0.485787	1.498019	0.302315	1.250533
R10	0.573642	1.484457	0.822826	1.300926	0.449519	1.305825	0.297999	1.250022
R11	0.457761	1.443117	0.699121	1.44437	0.316569	1.293969	0.281977	1.252573
R12	0.354187	1.423215	0.596787	1.25	0.239773	1.451812	0.236478	1.289341
R13	0.27694	1.388524	0.474757	1.410156	0.213514	1.25395	0.230403	1.251034
R14	0.201802	1.413353	0.387194	1.281702	0.174692	1.45859	0.214861	1.262904
R15	0.13607	1.280695	0.282228	1.5	0.162954	1.272185	0.186681	1.250296
R16	0.077682	1.283576	0.198434	1.25	0.088318	1.250872	0.158332	1.322459
R17	0.050004	1.356687	0.05	1.304879	0.051002	1.250618	0.050447	1.290968
R18	1.099981	1.428794	1.1	1.5	1.098754	1.250038	1.099524	1.498037
R19	0.761866	1.344703	0.753126	1.452697	0.704708	1.426369	0.73044	1.313271
R20	0.433243	1.38354	0.413323	1.404303	0.380238	1.262967	0.3682	1.45484
R21	0.050446	1.32613	0.050003	1.250219	0.050257	1.251413	0.051495	1.295263
R22	1.048773	1.302653	1.082814	1.446146	0.772677	1.421278	0.772055	1.499657
R23	0.549078	1.422514	0.622768	1.426466	0.404025	1.300898	0.421299	1.250451
R24	0.104652	1.442078	0.189516	1.326217	0.050163	1.25	0.051417	1.250342
R25	1.082619	1.305554	1.1	1.498517	0.658843	1.311874	0.568755	1.489642
R26	0.852462	1.415592	0.96516	1.396269	0.452184	1.49993	0.400849	1.481262
R27	0.703553	1.313779	0.832099	1.5	0.401879	1.258737	0.240788	1.368357
R28	0.539694	1.434931	0.701883	1.399696	0.310873	1.253039	0.226164	1.342916
R29	0.402729	1.407346	0.55411	1.41089	0.228518	1.262081	0.173203	1.499112
R30	0.276263	1.343129	0.392278	1.250606	0.160047	1.25001	0.125388	1.252482
R31	0.181967	1.402474	0.255933	1.250528	0.12577	1.250534	0.084638	1.271112
R32	0.05	1.362553	0.05	1.349039	0.050096	1.251756	0.050036	1.476527
Total operating time (sec)	30.45231		35.18557		22.17999		19.57667