Research Article

Low Computational Burden Adaptive Overcurrent Protection for Active Distribution Networks

Table 3

Operating time for the conventional and proposed adaptive protection approach.

DER stateRelayConventionalProposed
FPRBR

F1R3R10.4570.6570.2000.4570.6570.200
F2R5R30.0950.4840.3890.0950.4840.389
F3R6R30.2840.4840.2000.2840.4840.200
F4R8R60.0960.2960.2000.0960.2960.200

F1R3R10.4620.6570.1950.4620.6640.202
F2R5R30.0960.4890.3930.0960.4890.393
F3R6R30.2860.4890.2030.2860.4940.208
F4R8R60.0970.2980.2010.0970.2990.203

F1R3R10.4570.6570.2000.4570.6600.203
F2R5R30.0990.4840.3860.0990.4880.389
F3R6R30.2930.4840.1910.2930.4940.201
F4R8R60.0980.3040.2060.0980.3040.206

F1R3R10.4570.6570.2000.4570.6570.201
F2R5R30.0950.4840.3890.0930.4790.386
F3R6R30.2840.4840.2000.2840.4890.205
F4R8R60.0970.2960.1990.0970.2970.201

F1R3R10.4620.6570.1950.4600.6600.200
F2R5R30.0960.4890.3920.0960.4900.394
F3R6R30.2860.4890.2030.2860.4900.204
F4R8R60.0970.2980.2010.0970.3000.203

F1R3R10.4620.6570.1950.4630.6650.202
F2R5R30.1000.4890.3880.1000.4940.394
F3R6R30.2950.4890.1940.2960.4980.202
F4R8R60.1000.3070.2070.1000.3090.210

The times in column delta t for conventional and proposed approaches are bolded when relay misscoordination is presented for the conventional approach. In this situation, adequate relay coordination was obtained using the proposed approach.