Atom Search Optimization-Based PV Array Reconfiguration Technique under Partial Shading Condition

Table 3

Comparison of the simulation results of each algorithm.

Time	Before optimization	Sudoku	ACO			GA			PSO			ASO
	Pout(kW)	Pout(kW)	Pmax(kW)	Pmin(kW)	STD (W)	Pmax(kW)	Pmin(kW)	STD(W)	Pmax(kW)	Pmin(kW)	STD(W)	Pmax(kW)	Pmin(kW)	STD(W)
1 min	19.163	20.928	21.432	21.432	0	21.432	21.181	103.48	21.432	21.432	0	21.432	21.432	0
2 min	15.297	18.407	19.92	19.415	171.6	19.668	18.659	246.78	19.92	19.163	202.05	19.92	19.668	56.38
3 min	14.344	15.913	18.407	17.903	152.5	18.407	16.642	312.59	18.407	17.903	173.06	18.659	18.155	123.39
4 min	13.868	16.894	17.903	17.65	123.39	17.903	16.642	332.05	18.155	17.398	238.16	18.155	17.65	184.75
5 min	14.793	16.642	18.407	18.155	126.74	18.155	17.146	286.62	18.659	17.903	249.15	18.659	18.155	150.85
6 min	15.381	17.146	18.659	18.155	128.7	18.407	16.894	387.83	18.659	18.155	152.5	18.659	18.407	126.74
7 min	16.642	18.659	19.415	19.163	112.02	19.415	18.155	281.91	19.668	19.163	214.89	19.668	19.163	161.56
8 min	17.903	19.668	20.424	20.172	103.48	20.424	19.668	222.54	20.676	20.172	180.63	20.676	20.172	115.69
9 min	19.668	20.172	21.685	21.685	0	21.685	21.181	208.17	21.685	21.685	0	21.685	21.685	0
Mismatch loss (kW) (total)	79.875	62.505	50.682	53.204	—	51.348	60.766	—	49.673	53.960	—	49.421	52.447	—
Fill factor (average)	0.5634	0.6299	0.6752	0.6655	—	0.6723	0.6366	—	0.6791	0.6626	—	0.6800	0.6684	—