This study used gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) to determine three kinds of halogenated organic pollutants (HOPs) in the edible muscles of nine fish species in the Laibin section of the Hongshui River of Xijiang River in the Pearl River system. The results showed that the sum of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in fish muscle was 8.94∼43.32 ng/g ww, 1.22∼4.09 ng/g ww, and ND∼0.13 ng/g ww, respectively. Evaluation indicators include analysis of the composition of homologous compounds, residues in different diets and habitats, and estimated daily intake (EDI) calculations. The analysis of the composition characteristics of homologous compounds showed that endrin was the most dominant in OCPs; hexachlorobenzene was the most dominant in PCBs; and BDE 154 was the most dominant PBDEs. Calculations of the levels of the HOPs in fish of different diets and habitats showed that OCPs and PCBs had the highest residues in carnivorous fish, and PBDEs had the highest residues in herbivorous fish. The residual OCPs, PCBs, and PBDEs in demersal fishes were the most. The estimated daily intake (EDI) results showed that daily fish consumption in the Laibin section of the Hongshui River would not cause HOPs health risks to the local residents. However, there is still a need for continuous monitoring of HOPs to reduce pollutant emissions and prevent pollution conditions from arising.

Mingsi Li

Zhiqiang Wu

Liangliang Huang

Minghui Gao

Jiayang He

Jie Feng

Yifei Wang

Pollution Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Halogenated Organic Pollutants (HOPs) in Fish from the Laibin Section of Hongshui River, China

The long rough dab (<i>Hippoglossoides platessoides</i>) is one of the most common bottom dwelling fish species in the Barents Sea with a limited commercial value, even though it is regularly caught as bycatch. Adult <i>H. platessoides</i> can be found in large numbers along the west coast of Svalbard, but nothing is known about the spawning area of this species or the distribution of their eggs and larvae within Svalbard fjords. Recent findings of <i>H. platessoides</i> eggs in Kongsfjorden indicate that a spawning population exists either within the fjord or on the west Spitsbergen shelf.

Lisa Spotowitz

Matthias Kloppmann

Philipp Fischer

Observation of Long Rough Dab (<i>Hippoglossoides platessoides</i>) Eggs in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard

In this study, we report, for the first time, mitochondrial genome of <i>Narcine timlei</i> (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) and its phylogenetic relationships within the order Torpediniformes. <i>Narcine timlei</i> is a medium-sized ray that occurs in nearshore waters of the Indo-Pacific and is classified as “‘vulnerable” category on the IUCN Red List. The mitogenome is assembled from short Illumina reads (150 bp paired end reads). It is 17,964 bp long and includes 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA genes, and 2 rRNA genes. The gene order, size, and nucleotide composition are largely consistent with mitogenomic characteristics of previously reported other <i>Narcine</i> spp. The slightly larger mitogenome length of <i>N. timlei</i> than other <i>Narcine</i> spp. may be due to the presence of a putative control region of 1,916 bp with three tandem repeats. Phylogenetic reconstruction using concatenated PCGs (<i>n</i> = 13) of 9 Torpediniformes based on maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analysis revealed identical topologies. The tree showed two main clades: one clade containing members of the family Narcinidae and the second sister clade consisting of the families Narkidae and Torpedinidae. Our result supports the monophyletic nature of Narcinidae based on mtDNA. The information obtained in this study will contribute to a better understanding of the population genetics, phylogenetic analysis, conservation, and evolutionary biology research of <i>N. timlei.</i>

Amit Kumar

Sanjeevi Prakash

Mitochondrial Genome of “Spotted Numbfish” <i>Narcine timlei</i> (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) and Phylogenetic Relationships among Order Torpediniformes

Aquaculture has tremendous economic significance in distinguishing males and females in the juvenile <i>Silurus asotus</i> (Linnaeus, 1758) to obtain a female population with tremendous growth potential. To investigate the potential biological markers between young males and females <i>S. asotus</i>, we analyzed the characteristics of sexual dimorphism by measuring the 14 length traits and 9 weight indicators in an artificial insemination population at 3, 5, and 7 months. In addition, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to determine the sexually dimorphic expression of the growth hormone-1 gene (<i>GH-1</i>), growth hormone receptor gene (<i>GHR</i>), and insulin-like growth factor gene (<i>IGF-1</i>) in the hypothalamus, pituitary, gonad, and liver, at 3, 5, and 7 months. The results showed that in morphology, except for eye diameter and the distance between the pelvic and anal fins in 3-month fish, all other morphological indicators were significantly (<span class="inline_break"><svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="19.289pt" style="vertical-align:-0.6370001pt" id="M1" height="9.2729pt" version="1.1" viewBox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 19.289 9.2729"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path id="g113-81" d="M600 480C600 590 528 650 384 650H143L137 622C222 614 225 607 210 531L130 127C113 41 106 36 23 28L17 0H294L300 28C204 36 195 42 212 127L243 284L314 263C327 263 339 263 352 264C465 271 600 337 600 480ZM508 481C508 351 402 304 329 304C289 304 265 311 250 317L295 559C302 594 310 606 323 611C335 616 350 619 367 619C455 619 508 573 508 481Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.658,0)"><path id="g117-91" d="M512 -3V55L134 254V256L512 456V514L75 281V230L512 -3Z"/></g></svg><span class="irelop"/><span class="nowrap"><svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="21.918pt" style="vertical-align:-0.6370001pt" height="9.2729pt" version="1.1" viewBox="22.8711838 -8.6359 21.918 9.2729"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.921,0)"><path id="g113-49" d="M241 635C89 635 35 457 35 312C35 153 89 -12 240 -12C390 -12 443 166 443 312C443 466 390 635 241 635ZM238 602C329 602 354 454 354 312C354 172 330 22 240 22C152 22 124 173 124 313S148 602 238 602Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,29.161,0)"><path id="g113-47" d="M113 -12C146 -12 170 11 170 46C170 78 146 103 114 103S58 78 58 46C58 11 82 -12 113 -12Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,32.125,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-49"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,38.365,0)"><path id="g113-54" d="M153 550H386L412 615L406 623H120L82 318C104 327 142 338 184 338C294 338 347 275 347 187C347 112 305 39 221 39C160 39 119 71 97 89C88 97 80 96 71 90C59 80 50 67 49 57C48 45 52 36 66 23C80 9 123 -12 169 -12C221 -11 288 15 342 59C403 109 431 165 431 225C431 308 366 395 238 395C212 395 165 379 127 364L153 550Z"/></g></svg>)</span></span> or very significantly (<span class="inline_break"><svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="19.289pt" style="vertical-align:-0.6370001pt" id="M2" height="9.2729pt" version="1.1" viewBox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 19.289 9.2729"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-81"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.658,0)"><use xlink:href="#g117-91"/></g></svg><span class="irelop"/><span class="nowrap"><svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="21.918pt" style="vertical-align:-0.6370001pt" height="9.2729pt" version="1.1" viewBox="22.8711838 -8.6359 21.918 9.2729"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.921,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-49"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,29.161,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-47"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,32.125,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-49"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,38.365,0)"><path id="g113-50" d="M384 0V27C293 34 287 42 287 114V635C232 613 172 594 109 583V559L157 557C201 555 205 550 205 499V114C205 42 199 34 109 27V0H384Z"/></g></svg>)</span></span> different between juvenile males and females. The visceral weight, eviscerated weight, and intestine weight in females were significantly (<span class="inline_break"><svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="19.289pt" style="vertical-align:-0.6370001pt" id="M3" height="9.2729pt" version="1.1" viewBox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 19.289 9.2729"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-81"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.658,0)"><use xlink:href="#g117-91"/></g></svg><span class="irelop"/><span class="nowrap"><svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="21.918pt" style="vertical-align:-0.6370001pt" height="9.2729pt" version="1.1" viewBox="22.8711838 -8.6359 21.918 9.2729"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.921,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-49"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,29.161,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-47"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,32.125,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-49"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,38.365,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-54"/></g></svg>)</span></span> or very significantly (<span class="inline_break"><svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="19.289pt" style="vertical-align:-0.6370001pt" id="M4" height="9.2729pt" version="1.1" viewBox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 19.289 9.2729"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-81"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.658,0)"><use xlink:href="#g117-91"/></g></svg><span class="irelop"/><span class="nowrap"><svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="21.918pt" style="vertical-align:-0.6370001pt" height="9.2729pt" version="1.1" viewBox="22.8711838 -8.6359 21.918 9.2729"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.921,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-49"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,29.161,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-47"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,32.125,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-49"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,38.365,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-50"/></g></svg>)</span></span> higher than in males at 5 and 7 months. Joint static allometric analyses on 14 length indicators relative to weight showed different sex growth patterns in 3-month, 5-month, and 7-month fish. In gene expression patterns, <i>GH-1</i>, <i>IGF-1</i>, and <i>GHR</i> were highly expressed in the pituitary, with higher levels in females (<span class="inline_break"><svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="19.289pt" style="vertical-align:-0.6370001pt" id="M5" height="9.2729pt" version="1.1" viewBox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 19.289 9.2729"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-81"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.658,0)"><use xlink:href="#g117-91"/></g></svg><span class="irelop"/><svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="21.918pt" style="vertical-align:-0.6370001pt" height="9.2729pt" version="1.1" viewBox="22.8711838 -8.6359 21.918 9.2729"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.921,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-49"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,29.161,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-47"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,32.125,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-49"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,38.365,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-54"/></g></svg></span> or <span class="inline_break"><svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="19.289pt" style="vertical-align:-0.6370001pt" id="M6" height="9.2729pt" version="1.1" viewBox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 19.289 9.2729"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-81"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.658,0)"><use xlink:href="#g117-91"/></g></svg><span class="irelop"/><span class="nowrap"><svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="21.918pt" style="vertical-align:-0.6370001pt" height="9.2729pt" version="1.1" viewBox="22.8711838 -8.6359 21.918 9.2729"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.921,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-49"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,29.161,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-47"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,32.125,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-49"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,38.365,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-50"/></g></svg>).</span></span> In contrast, the three genes were all more highly expressed in the testis than in the ovary (<span class="inline_break"><svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="19.289pt" style="vertical-align:-0.6370001pt" id="M7" height="9.2729pt" version="1.1" viewBox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 19.289 9.2729"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-81"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.658,0)"><use xlink:href="#g117-91"/></g></svg><span class="irelop"/><span class="nowrap"><svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="21.918pt" style="vertical-align:-0.6370001pt" height="9.2729pt" version="1.1" viewBox="22.8711838 -8.6359 21.918 9.2729"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.921,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-49"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,29.161,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-47"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,32.125,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-49"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,38.365,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-50"/></g></svg>),</span></span> indicating their essential roles in testis development. Our results demonstrate that <i>S. asotus</i> has female-biased sexual dimorphism. The length traits related to head shapes could be the potential phenotype marker to distinguish females and males in 7-month juveniles.

Zhigang Qiao

Muzi Li

Miao Yu

Meng Zhang

Lei Wang

Hongxia Jiang

Sijia Liu

Growth Patterns and Growth-Axis Gene Expressions in Sexual Dimorphism of <i>Silurus asotus</i> Linnaeus, 1758

Morphometric characteristics, length-weight relationships (LWRs), and condition factors (<i>K</i>) were studied for five indigenous fish species belonging to five different families (<i>Barilius barila</i> Hamilton, <i>Cirrhinus reba</i> Hamilton, <i>Chanda nama</i> Hamilton, <i>Mystus bleekeri</i> Day, and <i>Clupisoma garua</i> Hamilton), from the River Ganga in Bihar, India. A total of 557 fish individuals were collected seasonally from September 2021 to August 2022 using a monofilament drift gill net and a conical trap net Khairel jal. In morphometric analysis, the highest degree of correlation was observed between the total length and the standard length for all species (except <i>C. garua</i>). The estimated exponent value <i>b</i> varies from 2.920 to 3.214, where the slopes of regression lines among the species have significant differences (<span class="inline_break"><svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="18.973pt" style="vertical-align:-3.42938pt" id="M1" height="11.7782pt" version="1.1" viewBox="-0.0498162 -8.34882 18.973 11.7782"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path id="g113-113" d="M570 304C570 398 525 448 414 448C385 448 343 445 312 434L329 511L321 518C297 504 262 482 244 460L233 411C195 397 159 381 128 358L135 332C160 347 189 360 224 373L111 -147C97 -210 84 -218 17 -231L13 -257L254 -247L259 -218L233 -216C183 -212 177 -202 189 -142L218 -1C238 -10 266 -12 283 -12C351 3 429 48 483 105C543 168 570 242 570 304ZM482 289C482 161 380 33 304 33C278 33 248 51 233 69L303 396C326 400 352 403 369 403C428 403 482 380 482 289Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.342,0)"><path id="g117-91" d="M512 -3V55L134 254V256L512 456V514L75 281V230L512 -3Z"/></g></svg><span class="irelop"/><span class="nowrap"><svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="34.448pt" style="vertical-align:-3.42938pt" height="11.7782pt" version="1.1" viewBox="22.555183800000002 -8.34882 34.448 11.7782"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.605,0)"><path id="g113-49" d="M241 635C89 635 35 457 35 312C35 153 89 -12 240 -12C390 -12 443 166 443 312C443 466 390 635 241 635ZM238 602C329 602 354 454 354 312C354 172 330 22 240 22C152 22 124 173 124 313S148 602 238 602Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,28.845,0)"><path id="g113-47" d="M113 -12C146 -12 170 11 170 46C170 78 146 103 114 103S58 78 58 46C58 11 82 -12 113 -12Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,31.809,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-49"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,38.049,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-49"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,44.289,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-49"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,50.529,0)"><path id="g113-50" d="M384 0V27C293 34 287 42 287 114V635C232 613 172 594 109 583V559L157 557C201 555 205 550 205 499V114C205 42 199 34 109 27V0H384Z"/></g></svg>).</span></span> The <i>b</i> value indicated that three species (<i>B. barila</i>, <i>C. nama,</i> and <i>C. garua</i>) follow positive allometric growth, whereas <i>M. bleekeri</i> shows isometric growth and <i>C. reba</i> exhibits negative allometric growth. The condition factor value for these fishes ranged from 0.67 to 0.98, which indicated that the population of <i>C. reba</i> was robust compared to all other species (<span class="inline_break"><svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="18.973pt" style="vertical-align:-3.42938pt" id="M2" height="11.7782pt" version="1.1" viewBox="-0.0498162 -8.34882 18.973 11.7782"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-113"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.342,0)"><use xlink:href="#g117-91"/></g></svg><span class="irelop"/><span class="nowrap"><svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="34.448pt" style="vertical-align:-3.42938pt" height="11.7782pt" version="1.1" viewBox="22.555183800000002 -8.34882 34.448 11.7782"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.605,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-49"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,28.845,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-47"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,31.809,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-49"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,38.049,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-49"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,44.289,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-49"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,50.529,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-50"/></g></svg>).</span></span> A new maximum length (146.8 mm) was obtained for <i>B. barila</i> from India. The present study gives baseline biological information on five commercially important indigenous fish species found in the River Ganga, Bihar. As the population of these species has been dwindling in recent times, these data will be important for the conservation and sustainable utilization of these important species in the long run.

Surendra Kumar Ahirwal

Jaspreet Singh

Kamal Sarma

Tarkeshwar Kumar

Vivekanand Bharti

Amrendra Kumar

Morphometric Characteristics, Length-Weight Relationships, and Condition Factors of Five Indigenous Fish Species from the River Ganga in Bihar, India

We present the length-weight relationships (LWRs) in 20 cryptobenthic reef fish species in the Gulf of California (Mexico). Nine of these species had no LWR records yet. However, the other species had LWRs based on <i>in-formalin</i> specimens collected more than 20 years ago. This conservation method has likely affected LWRs parameters. Our study showed higher estimations of the parameter <i>a</i> obtained on fresh specimens than <i>in-formalin</i> individuals. On the other hand, parameter <i>b</i> was not affected. Therefore, the biomass estimates using previous LWRs were strongly underestimated. Ergo, the similitude in parameter <i>b</i> between the two conservation methods highlights that the shape of the LWRs is conserved and did not change over the last 20 years. Finally, we compared the LWRs of shared species in the region’s two main types of shallow reefs, i.e., coral and rocky reefs. We found that the body fitness was not affected by reefs type, which means that both habitats seem to offer similar living conditions for shared species.

Marina Soledad Irigoyen-Arredondo

Xchel G. Moreno-Sánchez

Emigdio Marín-Enríquez

Jose Manuel Ayala-Galaz

Daniel Stiven Ortiz-Oyola

Fausto Valenzuela-Quiñonez

Damien Olivier

Length-Weight Relationship of 20 Cryptobenthic Fish in Coral and Rocky Reefs in the Gulf of California, Mexico

Fish are cold blooded vertebrates’ identification on the bases of morphology is not more precise and required high taxonomic expertise therefore molecular identification is used as an alternative and more accurate technique for the identification of fishes. In the current investigation 39 fish specimens were collected from May 2021 to February 2022. With this aim, the recent study was conducted in the freshwaters of River Swat in Malakand Division, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan to explore the genetic diversity of genus <i>Triplophysa</i>. DNA was extracted and amplified using gene specific primers. The PCR products carefully were sequenced and Phylogenic analysis was performed using neighbor-joining, maximum likelihood through MEGA software. Nucleotide composition and genetic pairwise distance recommend that the calculated species of the subfamily Nemacheilinae are organically dissimilar. The River Swat is the study area and it is inhabited by three <i>Triplophysa</i> species, <i>Triplophysa naziri, Triplophysa microps,</i> and <i>Triplophysa choprai</i>. The evolutionary tree shows that these species are clearly separated. The mean of total length calculated in the three species of the genus <i>Triplophysa</i> such as 8.175 ± 0.198 cm for <i>Triplophysa naziri</i>, 10.14 ± 0.35 cm for <i>Triplophysa microps</i>, 11.052 ± 0.23 cm for <i>Triplophysa choprai</i>. This study provides a model for the improvement of identification in cryptic diversity and field of ichthyofauna.

Omer Dad

Muhammad Fiaz Khan

Akhtar Rasool

Naveed Akhtar

Mohammad Attaullah

Genetic Diversity and Cryptic Species Identification of Genus <i>Triplophysa</i> from River Swat in Malakand Division, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

About this journal

<p><em><em>Journal of Applied Ichthyology</em></em> publishes original research and review articles on applied ichthyology, aquaculture, and marine fisheries, including&nbsp;management of fisheries resources, fisheries ecology, fish health and pathology.</p>


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<p>Chief Editor Professor Gouranga Biswas is a Senior Scientist at ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education. His research focuses on brackish water aquaculture, integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, species and system diversification, and fish and shellfish immunology.</p>


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Journal of Applied Ichthyology publishes original research and review articles on applied ichthyology, aquaculture, and marine fisheries, including management of fisheries resources, fisheries ecology, fish health and pathology.

Journal of Applied Ichthyology