A Hybrid Metaheuristic for Multiple Runways Aircraft Landing Problem Based on Bat Algorithm

Algorithm 1

The pseudo-code of HBA for ALP.

(1) Initialize the ps, 𝑡=1, bat population and other parameters;

(2) Construct initial bat population;  // (3.3 Initialization construction)

(3) Assign landing time and evaluate each individual; // (3.2 Landing time assignment)

(4) repeat

(5)  for  𝑖=1:ps do

(6)    Determine frequency 𝑓;

(7)    Update each bat individual;

(8)  end

(9)  Assign landing time and evaluate each individual; // (3.2 Landing time assignment)

(10) if  rand>𝑅(𝑡)  then

(11)  Carry out swap local search operation;

(12) else

(13)  Carry out LSI local search operation;

(14) end

(15) Assign landing time and evaluate each individual; // (3.2 Landing time assignment)

(16) Compute loudness of each individual by (12);

(17) for  𝑖=1:ps do

(18)   if  rand<𝐿_𝑖  then

(19)   Carry out RB operation; // Runway balance operation

(20)   else

(21)   Assign each aircraft to a random runway;

(22)   end

(23) end

(24) Assign landing time and evaluate each individual; // (3.2 Landing time assignment)

(25) until  𝑡=𝑡_max

(26) Output result and plot