The Potential of Graphene as an Adsorbent for Five Pesticides from Different Classes in Rape Oil Samples Using Dispersive Solid-Phase Extraction

Table 4

Effect of the sonication energy and desorption time on extraction efficacy of the five pesticides from rape oil samples.

Pesticide	Extraction recovery (%),
	10 minutes subjected to sonication	5 minutes subjected to sonication	Without sonication energy
Metazachlor	68 ± 8	24 ± 4	37 ± 9
Tebuconazole	74 ± 7	9 ± 4	43 ± 6
λ-Cyhalothrin	60 ± 7	24 ± 7	32 ± 6
Chlorpyrifos	66 ± 6	42 ± 8	63 ± 7
Deltamethrin	66 ± 7	9 ± 5	10 ± 5
OC^1	67.0 ± 4.8	21.8 ± 3.7^2	37.0 ± 19.1^2

¹Value of the optimization criterion; ²statistically significant from the highest result.