Research on Detection of Sterol Doping in Sports by Electrochemical Sensors: A Review

Table 1

Advantages and disadvantages of several analytical techniques in doping-control.

Instruments	Doping types	Advantages	Disadvantages
UV-vis spectroscopy	With ultraviolet absorption	Cheap instrument	Low sensitivity
GC-MS	Good thermal stability	Qualitative and quantitative analysis	Most of them need to be derived
LC-MS	Good thermal stability	Used for identification of unknown drugs	Structural identification difficulty
Chemiluminescence immunoassay	Sterols and hormones	Sensitivity and specificity	Specific substance detection
Electrochemical method	Electroactive	Sensitivity	Specific substance detection
Gene stimulant transfer vector	Gene doping	Specificity	High cost