Safety Risk Analysis of Unmanned Ships in Inland Rivers Based on a Fuzzy Bayesian Network

Table 1

Most used risk criteria related shipping safety.

Target	Level indicators	Secondary indicators	Three-level indicator	References
Factors of shipping risk	Human factor	Human errors	Skill-based errors	[17–25]
			Decision errors	[17–20, 23, 24, 26, 27]
			Perceptual errors	[17–20, 24, 27]
		Violations	Routine violations	[18, 20, 21, 23, 25, 28]
			Exceptional violations	[18, 20, 21, 24, 25, 29]
		Quality and experience of crew	Post adaptability of crew	[19, 22, 30–32]
			Situation awareness	[18, 27]
			Psychological factor	[20, 22, 24, 27, 30, 33, 34]
			Physiological factor	[22, 24, 27, 28, 30, 33]
			Technical factor	[20, 22, 25, 29, 30, 33]
			Experience	[19, 20, 31]
	Ship factor	Static information	Tonnage	[31, 35–37]
			Ship/vessel age	[20, 30, 31, 33, 35, 37]
			Ship type	[20, 31, 38]
			Ship size	[19, 39]
			Ship equipment, radar and other equipment configurations	[18, 20, 26, 27, 29, 33, 40]
			Maintenance issues	[41]
			Structural strength	[12, 19, 25, 29, 30, 39, 42]
			Watertightness	[39]
		Dynamic information	Buoyancy	[12]
			Technical faults	[17, 26]
			Speed and heading	[31]
			Vessel draught	[31, 39]
			Ship maneuvering performance	[43, 44]
			Ship Seaworthiness	[19, 20, 31]
			Ship stability	[12, 19, 39, 42]
		Stowage of goods	Nature of the carried cargo	[19, 29]
	Environmental factor	Natural environment	Wind speed and direction	[31, 35, 37, 39, 42, 45–47]
			Visibility	[18, 20, 30, 31, 33, 35, 46–48]
			Weather condition	[20, 38, 44]
			Water current affects/stream	[18, 20, 30, 31, 33, 46]
			Wind and waves	[19, 20, 30, 35, 39, 43, 46, 49]
			Traffic volume	[38, 50]
		Navigation environment	Channel traffic conditions	[20, 47, 50–53]
			Bridge	[30, 33, 54]
			Channel dimension	[31, 39]
			Channel width affects	[20, 30, 33, 39, 47]
			Send radius of the waterway	[20, 47]
			Completeness of navigation aids	[20, 26, 27, 30, 31, 33]
			Restricted river depth	[20, 39, 55, 56]
			Occurrence of ice	[55]
			Shipwreck	[19, 30, 33]
	Management factor	External supervision	Completeness of maritime management laws and regulations	[20, 30, 31, 33]
			Equipment completeness of maritime monitoring system	[25–27, 30, 31]
			Adequacy of the supervision and management	[20, 24, 30, 32]
			Supervise violations or not	[18, 20]
		Internal management	Safety culture	[20, 24, 25, 27, 30, 57, 58]
			Correct problem timeliness	[18, 20]
			Organizational errors	[17, 18, 25]
			Completeness of emergency facilities on board	[34]