Integrated Optimization on Energy Saving and Quality of Service of Urban Rail Transit System

Table 4

Variable definitions.

Symbol	Descriptions
	The speed of phase in the section of train , m/s
	The time duration of phase in the section of train , sec
	Regenerative braking energy,
	The interaction time or overlapping time duration between the braking phase time of train and the accelerating phase time of train , sec
	The braking phase time duration of train , sec
	The headway between the subsequent trains, sec
	are two binary parameters with
	The current dwell time of train at station , sec
	The optimized dwell time of train at station , sec (decision variables)