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| Parameters | Definitions |
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| nc | Number of CTs, and each train can be expressed by i |
| ne | Number of existing trains, and each train can be expressed by j |
| m | Number of the stations, and each station can be expressed by s |
| , | Number of the sleeping train units/seat train units of train i |
| , | The seat capacity of one sleeping train unit/seat train unit |
| Ro | Average passenger attendance factor of the CTs |
| D | The total passenger demand of the CTs |
| The passenger demand of OD-ss′ |
| , | The arrival time of train i at station s before/after adjustment |
| , | The departure time of train i at station s before/after adjustment |
| The dwell time of train i at station s |
| The maximal travel time of the passengers expected |
| The proportion of the passenger demand in the time period r |
| The price of the sleeping train unit/seat train unit of OD-ss′ |
| The demand of the sleeping train unit/seat train unit of OD-ss′ |
| The operation cost of one train unit per minute |
| The cost coefficient for increasing one train |
| The adjustment cost of the existing trains |
| The travel time of the trains between stations s and s + 1 |
| , | The additional time of departure and additional time of arrival |
| , | The arrival headway and departure headway at station s |
| The maximum adjustment time of the CTs |
| The minimum dwell time of train i at station s |
| The maximum dwell time of train i at station s |
| The maximum usable capacity of station s besides the existing trains |
| The maximum adjustment time of the existing trains |
| The maximum number of adjusted trains |
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