Optimal Operation Scheme with Short-Turn, Express, and Local Services in an Urban Rail Transit Line

Table 1

Comparisons of this paper with previous studies.

Factors	Ulusoy et al. [19]	Larrain et al. [20]	Li et al. [12]	This paper
Assumption
Demand	Fixed	Fixed	Fixed	Fixed
Transfer	Allowed	Allowed	Allowed	Allowed
Strategy	Short-turn services and one express service	Express service	Short-turn services	Short-turn services and express/local services
Model
Single	✓	—	✓	✓
Bilevel	—	✓	—	—
Objective
Operator cost	✓	✓	✓	✓
User cost	✓	✓	✓	✓
Constraints
Transport capacity	✓	✓	✓	✓
Turn-back capacity	—	—	✓	✓
Minimum frequency	✓	—	✓	✓
Solving method
Solution method	Exhaustive search	Heuristic + solver	Heuristic + solver	Heuristic + solver