Takeover Quality: Assessing the Effects of Time Budget and Traffic Density with the Help of a Trajectory-Planning Method

Table 3

Results of repeated-measures ANOVAs for the dependent variables.

	Effect of traffic density			Effect of time budget			Time budget × traffic density interaction
	F (1, 24)			F (2, 48)			F (2, 48)^a
Minimum time to collision	12.4	0.002	0.34	356.3	<0.001	0.94	2.3	0.112	0.09
Max. rightward acceleration	2.3	0.141	0.09	27.0	<0.001	0.53	0.7	0.526	0.03
Max. leftward acceleration	0.2	0.690	0.01	40.0	<0.001	0.62	0.5	0.586	0.02
Max. longitudinal deceleration	23.6	<0.001	0.49	5.4	0.008	0.18	1.9	0.158	0.08
Max. longitudinal acceleration	17.8	<0.001	0.42	6.5	0.003	0.21	1.9	0.169	0.07
Lane change duration	0.3	0.595	0.01	28.9	<0.001	0.55	0.9	0.432	0.04
Subjective criticality	27.6	<0.001	0.53	91.3	<0.001	0.79	1.8	0.182	0.07
Subjective discomfort	53.2	<0.001	0.69	45.0	<0.001	0.65	2.0	0.142	0.08
Subjective complexity	22.5	<0.001	0.48	79.1	<0.001	0.77	0.9	0.415	0.04
Subjective time budget	20.3	<0.001	0.46	120.0	<0.001	0.83	0.8	0.456	0.03
Eyes-on-road time	1.6	0.220	0.06	1.1	0.354	0.04	0.2	0.808	0.01
Eyes-in-side-mirror time	0.0	0.951	0.00	5.7	0.006	0.19	1.3	0.286	0.05
Hands-on-wheel time	0.4	0.541	0.02	9.7	<0.001	0.29	1.0	0.390	0.04

^aF(2, 46) for the minimum time to collision, lane change duration, and acceleration/deceleration measures.