Determinants of Bicyclist Injury Severity Resulting from Crashes at Roundabouts, Crossroads, and T-Junctions

Table 2

Descriptive statistics of the variables used in the estimations.

Variable	Roundabouts		Crossroads		T-junctions
	Mean	S.D.	Mean	S.D.	Mean	S.D.
Bicyclist characteristics
Male (1 if bicyclist is male; 0 others)	0.809	0.394	0.792	0.406	0.803	0.397
Age 1 (1 if bicyclist is younger than 15 years; 0 others)	0.040	0.195	0.09	0.286	0.115	0.319
Age 2 (1 if bicyclist is older than 16 years and is younger than 25 years; 0 others)	0.172	0.377	0.209	0.406	0.197	0.397
Age 3 (1 if bicyclist is older than 26 years and is younger than 35 years; 0 others)	0.234	0.423	0.281	0.449	0.246	0.430
Age 4 (1 if bicyclist is older than 36 years and is younger than 45 years; 0 others)	0.235	0.424	0.207	0.405	0.202	0.401
Age 5 (1 if bicyclist is older than 46 years and is younger than 55 years; 0 others)	0.195	0.396	0.133	0.339	0.150	0.358
Age 6 (1 if bicyclist is older than 55 years; 0 others)	0.125	0.330	0.081	0.272	0.090	0.286
Citizen (1 if bicyclist dwells in the city; 0 others)	0.885	0.319	0.937	0.243	0.906	0.292
Towner (1 if bicyclist dwells in the town; 0 others)	0.055	0.228	0.029	0.167	0.047	0.212
Villager (1 if bicyclist dwells in the rural area; 0 others)	0.060	0.237	0.034	0.182	0.047	0.212
Part-of-work (1 if journey as part of work; 0 others)	0.098	0.297	0.066	0.249	0.069	0.253
To-from-work (1 if commuting to/from work; 0 others)	0.215	0.411	0.176	0.381	0.164	0.370
Taking-pupil-school (1 if taking pupil to/from school; 0 others)	0.014	0.118	0.010	0.100	0.013	0.114
Pupil-school (1 if pupil riding to/from school; 0 others)	0.013	0.114	0.018	0.134	0.026	0.158
Purpose-others (1 if travel purpose is different from the above four models; 0 others)	0.661	0.473	0.730	0.444	0.728	0.445
Intersection characteristics
Speed-limit (1 if the speed limit at the intersection is less than or equal to 30 km/h; 0 others)	0.791	0.406	0.931	0.253	0.927	0.261
Junction-control (1 if the intersection is nonsignalized controlled; 0 others)	0.953	0.212	0.517	0.500	0.907	0.290
Nonsignal-pedestrian (1 if pedestrian crossing facilities are nonsignalized controlled crosswalks; 0 others)	0.116	0.321	0.111	0.315	0.126	0.332
Signal-pedestrian (1 if there is pedestrian phase at traffic signal junction; 0 others)	0.027	0.161	0.350	0.477	0.073	0.261
Footbridge (1 if there are footbridges or subways; 0 others)	0.013	0.114	0.009	0.095	0.010	0.100
Central-refuge (1 if there are central refuges; 0 others)	0.079	0.270	0.018	0.134	0.015	0.122
None (1 if there are no pedestrian crossing facilities; 0 others)	0.791	0.406	0.931	0.253	0.927	0.261
Road-dry (1 if road surface is dry; 0 others)	0.725	0.446	0.782	0.412	0.79	0.407
Road-wet (1 if road surface is wet; 0 others)	0.257	0.437	0.194	0.395	0.195	0.396
Road-ice (1 if road surface is ice; 0 others)	0.011	0.105	0.014	0.118	0.007	0.084
Road-others (1 if road surface is different from the above three models; 0 others)	0.007	0.084	0.010	0.100	0.008	0.089
Urban-junction (1 if the intersection is located in an urban area; 0 others)	0.781	0.414	0.927	0.261	0.886	0.318
Divider (1 if the roads have dividers; 0 others)	0.167	0.373	0.260	0.438	0.264	0.440
Environmental condition
Weekend (1 if the crash occurred at the weekend; 0 others)	0.243	0.429	0.256	0.436	0.273	0.445
Morning-peak (1 if the crash occurred at the morning rush hour; 0 others)	0.202	0.401	0.165	0.371	0.190	0.392
Night-peak (1 if the crash occurred at the afternoon rush hour; 0 others)	0.177	0.382	0.205	0.404	0.227	0.418
Nonpeak (1 if the crash occurred at the off-peak hour; 0 others)	0.622	0.485	0.630	0.483	0.583	0.493
Daylight (1 if it was daylight when the crash occurred; 0 others)	0.754	0.430	0.761	0.427	0.850	0.358
Night-light (1 if the crash occurred at night, and there were lights on the road; 0 others)	0.221	0.415	0.219	0.414	0.189	0.391
Night-nonlight (1 if the crash occurred at night, and there were no lights on the road; 0 others)	0.026	0.158	0.020	0.141	0.039	0.192
Weather-fine (1 if it was fine weather when the crash occurred; 0 others)	0.835	0.371	0.849	0.358	0.871	0.335
Weather-raining (1 if it was raining when the crash occurred; 0 others)	0.122	0.327	0.097	0.297	0.100	0.300
Weather-snowing (1 if it was snowing when the crash occurred; 0 others)	0.008	0.089	0.011	0.105	0.012	0.110
Weather-foggy (1 if it was foggy when the crash occurred; 0 others)	0.010	0.100	0.011	0.105	0.009	0.095
Weather-others (1 if it was other weather when the crash occurred; 0 others)	0.025	0.155	0.032	0.176	0.009	0.095
January (1 if the crash occurred in January; 0 others)	0.089	0.285	0.066	0.249	0.071	0.257
February (1 if the crash occurred in February; 0 others)	0.073	0.261	0.063	0.243	0.063	0.243
March (1 if the crash occurred in March; 0 others)	0.072	0.259	0.080	0.272	0.080	0.272
April (1 if the crash occurred in April; 0 others)	0.073	0.261	0.078	0.268	0.075	0.263
May (1 if the crash occurred in May; 0 others)	0.082	0.274	0.09	0.286	0.092	0.290
June (1 if the crash occurred in June; 0 others)	0.080	0.272	0.095	0.293	0.097	0.297
July (1 if the crash occurred in July; 0 others)	0.092	0.290	0.102	0.303	0.100	0.300
August (1 if the crash occurred in August; 0 others)	0.081	0.272	0.089	0.285	0.085	0.279
September (1 if the crash occurred in September; 0 others)	0.091	0.288	0.091	0.288	0.100	0.300
October (1 if the crash occurred in October; 0 others)	0.099	0.298	0.101	0.302	0.096	0.295
November (1 if the crash occurred in November; 0 others)	0.094	0.292	0.088	0.283	0.085	0.279
December (1 if the crash occurred in December; 0 others)	0.075	0.263	0.057	0.232	0.057	0.232
Bicyclist movement and location preceding the crash
Parked (1 if the bicycle is in a state of parking; 0 others)	0.007	0.084	0.01	0.100	0.013	0.114
Waiting-go (1 if the bike is waiting to go straight; 0 others)	0.014	0.118	0.018	0.134	0.031	0.173
Slowing (1 if the bicycle is in a state of deceleration; 0 others)	0.013	0.114	0.02	0.141	0.061	0.239
Moving-off (1 if the bicycle is moving off; 0 others)	0.038	0.192	0.036	0.187	0.058	0.235
Lefting (1 if the bike is turning left; 0 others)	0.007	0.084	0.010	0.100	0.010	0.100
Waiting-left (1 if the bike is waiting to turn left; 0 others)	0.008	0.089	0.010	0.100	0.012	0.110
Righting (1 if the bike is turning right; 0 others)	0.124	0.330	0.051	0.219	0.064	0.245
Waiting-right (1 if the bike is waiting to turn right; 0 others)	0.008	0.089	0.025	0.155	0.042	0.200
Lane-left (1 if the bike is changing lane to left; 0 others)	0.009	0.095	0.010	0.100	0.014	0.118
Lane-right (1 if the bike is changing lane to right; 0 others)	0.012	0.110	0.015	0.122	0.017	0.130
Over-offside (1 if the bike is overtaking at offside; 0 others)	0.016	0.126	0.022	0.148	0.031	0.173
Over-nearside (1 if the bike is overtaking at nearside; 0 others)	0.011	0.105	0.030	0.170	0.027	0.161
Ahead-left (1 if the bike is going ahead left; 0 others)	0.013	0.114	0.014	0.118	0.011	0.105
Ahead-right (1 if the bike is going ahead right; 0 others)	0.056	0.230	0.017	0.130	0.026	0.158
Ahead (1 if the bike is going ahead; 0 others)	0.665	0.472	0.715	0.452	0.582	0.493
Mainway (1 if the bike is on mainway; 0 others)	0.954	0.210	0.927	0.261	0.894	0.308
Busway (1 if the bike is on busway; 0 others)	0.019	0.138	0.023	0.148	0.03	0.170
Cycleway (1 if the bike is on cycleway; 0 others)	0.014	0.118	0.030	0.170	0.049	0.217
Pavement (1 if the bike is on pavement; 0 others)	0.007	0.084	0.011	0.105	0.020	0.141
Bike-location-others (1 if the bike is on other location; 0 others)	0.007	0.084	0.009	0.095	0.009	0.095
Approaching-parked (1 if the bike is approaching junction or waiting/parked at junction approach; 0 others)	0.209	0.406	0.278	0.448	0.367	0.482
Leaving-parked (1 if bike is leaving junction or waiting/parked at junction exit; 0 others)	0.156	0.363	0.071	0.257	0.085	0.279
Leaving-main (1 if the bike is leaving main road; 0 others)	0.016	0.126	0.012	0.110	0.018	0.134
Entering-main (1 if the bike is entering main road; 0 others)	0.016	0.126	0.049	0.217	0.054	0.226
Mid (1 if the bike is located in the intersection; 0 others)	0.604	0.489	0.59	0.492	0.476	0.499
Type of collision
Collision-point-front (1 if the collision point is on the front side of the bicycle; 0 others)	0.346	0.475	0.528	0.499	0.552	0.497
Collision-point-back (1 if the collision point is on the back side of the bike; 0 others)	0.181	0.385	0.086	0.281	0.084	0.277
Collision-point-right (1 if the collision point is on the right side of the bike; 0 others)	0.139	0.346	0.219	0.414	0.185	0.389
Collision-point-left (1 if the collision point is on the left side of the bike; 0 others)	0.301	0.458	0.131	0.338	0.136	0.344
Collision-point-none (1 if there was no collision point; 0 others)	0.034	0.182	0.037	0.190	0.044	0.205
Secondary-collision-on-road (1 if the secondary collision occurred on the road; 0 others)	0.011	0.105	0.026	0.158	0.032	0.176
Secondary-collision-off-road (1 if the secondary collision occurred off the road; 0 others)	0.017	0.130	0.014	0.118	0.007	0.084
Secondary-collision-none (1 if there is no secondary collision occurred; 0 others)	0.972	0.164	0.96	0.195	0.961	0.192