Using the Theory of Planned Behavior to Understand Traffic Violation Behaviors in E-Bike Couriers in China

Table 4

Correlations among measured variables and descriptive statistics.

Latent variables	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)	(8)	(9)	(10)
(1) Behavioral beliefs	—
(2) Injunctive normative beliefs	0.38	—
(3) Descriptive normative beliefs	0.32	0.51	—
(4) Control beliefs	0.41	0.44	0.37	—
(5) Attitude	0.51	0.31	0.35	0.45	—
(6) Injunctive norms	0.33	0.61	0.49	0.37	0.43	—
(7) Descriptive norms	0.33	0.47	0.55	0.27	0.46	0.55	—
(8) Perceived behavior control	0.36	0.25	0.23	0.55	0.39	0.33	0.41	—
(9) Intention	0.43	0.57	0.55	0.48	0.63	0.51	0.57	0.61	—
(10) Behavior	0.23	0.23	0.32	0.37	0.36	0.29	0.39	0.55	0.52	—
Mean	197.34^a	128.75^a	147.13^a	169.67^a	2.96^b	3.34^b	3.73^b	3.67^b	2.85^b	2.26^b
Standard deviation	11.12	9.44	9.63	12.05	1.02	1.48	1.17	1.92	1.71	1.54
Skewness	0.79	1.06	0.53	−0.89	0.57	0.49	0.31	0.39	0.46	0.51
Kurtosis	−0.97	−1.83	−0.85	−1.11	−0.57	0.19	0.21	−0.71	−0.86	0.97

; .^aTheoretical range = 6–294. ^bTheoretical range = 1–7.